{"id":39746,"date":"2026-03-28T10:45:00","date_gmt":"2026-03-28T02:45:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/?p=39746"},"modified":"2026-04-27T10:48:04","modified_gmt":"2026-04-27T02:48:04","slug":"%e6%a8%b9%e7%9a%84%e5%be%ae%e5%ae%87%e5%ae%99-how-to-read-a-tree","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/?p=39746","title":{"rendered":"\u6a39\u7684\u5fae\u5b87\u5b99 How to read a tree"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u300e\u95b1\u8b80\u6a39\u6728\u7684\u85dd\u8853\uff0c\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u5b78\u7fd2\u8fa8\u8b58\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5f62\u72c0\u548c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e26\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u610f\u7fa9\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6709\u95dc\u8fa8\u8a8d\u7269\u7a2e\u3002\u6a39\u6728\u7684\u540d\u7a31\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u4e26\u4e0d\u5982\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u4ee5\u70ba\u7684\u90a3\u9ebc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u300f*<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u300a\u6a39\u7684\u5fae\u5b87\u5b99\u300b\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u5d14\u65af\u5766\u2022\u53e4\u529bTristan Gooley\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u89c0\u5bdf\u6a39\u6728\u7684\u5c08\u5bb6\uff0c\u662f\u9019\u9ebc\u8aaa\u7684\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u771f\u7684\u6253\u5f9e\u5fc3\u5e95\u9b06\u4e86\u4e00\u53e3\u6c23\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6a39\u6728\u56e0\u7232\u5f80\u5f80\u9577\u5f97\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u958b\u82b1\u7d50\u679c\u7684\u983b\u7387\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9ad8\uff0c\u8981\u5206\u8fa8\u5230\u7a2e\uff0c\u76f8\u7576\u56f0\u96e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5d14\u65af\u5766\u2022\u53e4\u529b\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u6a39\u6728\u5206\u985e\u5230\u7a2e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7d66\u500b\u5b78\u540d\uff0c\u6bd4\u8d77\u89c0\u5bdf\u6a39\u7684\u5f62\u614b\u53ca\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5730\u666f\uff0c\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u90a3\u9ebc\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6c92\u6709\u5169\u682a\u6a39\u662f\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6a39\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u4e0d\u540c\u7a2e\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u5f62\u614b\u53ca\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5730\u666f\u4e0a\uff0c\u537b\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u9053\u7406\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u5f88\u795e\u5947\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8aaa\u6a39\u6728\u5373\u662f\u5730\u5716\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6703\u548c\u6a39\u6728\u4e92\u52d5\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff1a\u6c34\u3001\u5149\u7dda\u3001\u98a8\u3001\u6eab\u5ea6\u3001\u571f\u58e4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u5317\u534a\u7403\uff0c\u9760\u5357\u7684\u967d\u5149\u5145\u8db3\uff0c\u6a39\u6728\u7684\u679d\u8449\u6bd4\u8f03\u7e41\u8302\u3002\u770b\u6a39\u6728\u54ea\u500b\u65b9\u5411\u9577\u5f97\u6bd4\u8f03\u597d\uff0c\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u65b9\u5411\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u6ff6\u8449\u6a39\u548c\u91dd\u8449\u6a39<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u690d\u7269\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u9032\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u91dd\u8449\u6a39\u6bd4\u6ff6\u8449\u6a39\u9084\u65e9\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u4e5f\u66f4\u539f\u59cb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u91dd\u8449\u6a39\u7684\u8449\u5b50\u66f4\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u6c34\u4efd\u84b8\u6563\uff0c\u53ef\u8010\u4e7e\u71e5\u591a\u98a8\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6ff6\u8449\u6a39\u5247\u6015\u65e5\u66ec\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e38\u9577\u65bc\u6f6e\u6ebc\u7684\u96e8\u6797\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u5148\u9a45\u6a39\u548c\u5dd4\u5cf0\u6a39\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5148\u9a45\u6a39\u662f\u9577\u5f97\u5f88\u5feb\u7684\u6a39\u7a2e\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u68ee\u6797\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u7a7a\u5730\uff0c\u5982\u65b0\u7684\u5d29\u5761\uff0c\u5148\u9577\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u6a39\u7a2e\u662f\u5148\u9a45\u6a39\uff0c\u6a3a\u6a39\u3001\u67f3\u6a39\u3001\u8d64\u694a\u548c\u8a31\u591a\u7a2e\u985e\u7684\u694a\u6a39\u5c6c\u4e4b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u5148\u9a45\u6a39\u7684\u6a39\u852d\u5fae\u5149\u4e2d\u6162\u6162\u9577\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u66f4\u9577\u58fd\u7684\u5dd4\u5cf0\u6a39\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u5dd4\u5cf0\u6a39\u9ad8\u904e\u5148\u9a45\u6a39\uff0c\u6a39\u4e0b\u7684\u5148\u9a45\u6a39\u5c31\u9000\u5834\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6210\u719f\u68ee\u6797\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u53eb\u505a\u68ee\u6797\u6f14\u66ff\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6210\u719f\u68ee\u6797\u5728\u5dd4\u5cf0\u6a39\u7684\u4e3b\u5c0e\u4e0b\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6a23\u6027\u6703\u6e1b\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7576\u5dd4\u5cf0\u6a39\u56e0\u5916\u529b\u6216\u81ea\u7136\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5012\u4e0b(\u6210\u719f\u68ee\u6797\u670910-15%\u7684\u5012\u6728\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u6210\u70ba\u300c\u4fdd\u6bcd\u6a39\u6a01\u300d\/\u300c\u4fdd\u6bcd\u5012\u6728\u300d(nurse stumps\/nurse logs)\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u5c0f\u751f\u7269\u7684\u64ab\u80b2\u5c0f\u74b0\u5883\uff09\uff0c\u7a7a\u51fa\u4e86\u6a39\u51a0\u7684\u906e\u853d\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u5148\u9a45\u7269\u7a2e\u5c31\u6703\u9032\u4f86\uff0c\u9019\u6703\u589e\u52a0\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6a23\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. \u6f6e\u6fd5\u6216\u4e7e\u71e5<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u80fd\u9069\u61c9\u6f6e\u6fd5\u7684\u6a39\u7a2e\uff1a\u8d64\u694a\u3001\u67f3\u6a39\u3001\u694a\u6a39<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u80fd\u9069\u61c9\u4e7e\u71e5\u7684\u6a39\u7a2e\uff1a\u6953\u6a39\u3001\u5c71\u6942\u3001\u6c34\u9752\u5ca1\u3001\u7d05\u8c46\u6749\u3001\u51ac\u9752\u3001\u6849\u6a39<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. \u967d\u5149<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u91dd\u8449\u6a39\u559c\u5927\u91cf\u967d\u5149(\u677e\u6a39Pines > \u51b7\u6749Firs > \u96f2\u6749 Sprunes > \u9435\u6749Hemlocks)\uff0c\u6ff6\u8449\u6a39\u5247\u5426\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6ff6\u8449\u6a39\u4e2d\u6bd4\u8f03\u559c\u967d\u7684\u6a39\u7a2e\uff1a\u694a\u6a39\u3001\u6a3a\u6a39\u3001\u67f3\u6a39\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8010\u9670\u6a39\u7a2e\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u6162\u6162\u9577\u7684\u985b\u5cf0\u6a39\uff1a\u6c34\u9752\u5ca1\u3001\u7d05\u8c46\u6749\u3001\u51ac\u9752\u3001\u9435\u6749\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. \u6797\u6728\u754c\u7dda(Tree line)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6797\u6728\u754c\u7dda(\u68ee\u6797\u7dda)\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u9ad8\u5c71\u4e0a\u9762\uff0c\u6eab\u5ea6\u592a\u4f4e\u98a8\u901f\u592a\u5927\uff0c\u6a39\u518d\u4e5f\u9577\u4e0d\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u754c\u7dda\u3002\u91dd\u8449\u6a39\u5728\u9ad8\u51b7\u98a8\u5927\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u6bd4\u6ff6\u8449\u6a39\u8010\u53d7\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e5f\u6703\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u9650\u5ea6\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u6797\u6728\u754c\u7dda\u3002\u90a3\u500b\u754c\u7dda\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u8349\u4e0d\u7136\u5c31\u662f\u4f4e\u77ee\u7684\u7bad\u7af9\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u6a39\u6728\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7. \u571f\u58e4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9178\u6027\u7684\u571f\u58e4\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u6bd4\u8f03\u8ca7\u7620\u7684\uff1a\u91dd\u8449\u6a39\u8f03\u80fd\u9069\u61c9<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u559c\u6b61\u80a5\u6c83\u7684\u571f\u58e4\uff1a\u767d\u81d8\u6a39\u3001\u80e1\u6843\u6a39\u3001\u6986\u6a39<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u559c\u6b61\u6f6e\u6fd5\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u9178\u6027\u571f\u58e4\uff1a\u8d64\u694a\u3001\u67f3\u6a39<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6ce5\u5a92\u571f\uff1a\u6bdb\u6a3a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

8. \u90fd\u5e02\u74b0\u5883<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e8c\u7403\u61f8\u9234\u6728\uff0c\u53ef\u8010\u53d7\u90fd\u5e02\u4e2d\u7dca\u58d3\u7684\u571f\u58e4\u548c\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u7a7a\u6c23<\/p>\n\n\n\n

9. \u74b0\u5883\u64fe\u52d5<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u74b0\u5883\u64fe\u52d5\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u6703\u5148\u8fc5\u901f\u9577\u51fa\u5148\u9a45\u6a39\uff1a\u67f3\u6a39\u3001\u8d64\u694a\u3001\u8d64\u677e\u3001\u843d\u8449\u677e\u3001\u6a3a\u6a39\u3001\u5c71\u6942\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

10. \u542b\u9e7d\u7684\u6d77\u98a8<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8010\u53d7\u9e7d\u98a8\u7684\u6a39\uff1a\u5ca9\u69ed\u3001\u6a89\u67f3\u3001\u6930\u5b50\u6a39<\/p>\n\n\n\n

11. \u6a39\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u70ba\u4e86\u722d\u53d6\u967d\u5149\uff0c\u6a39\u7684\u9802\u82bd\u4e00\u65e6\u9084\u8655\u5728\u852d\u5e87\u8655\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u6301\u7e8c\u5206\u6ccc\u751f\u9577\u6fc0\u7d20\u53bb\u62bd\u9ad8\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u68ee\u6797\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u770b\u5230\u7684\u6a39\uff0c\u6a39\u51a0\u5f80\u5f80\u5728\u9ad8\u8655\u3002\u9019\u4e5f\u662f\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4eba\u5de5\u6797\u8981\u7a2e\u5f97\u5920\u5bc6\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u90a3\u6a23\u6a39\u6728\u5c31\u6703\u5f80\u4e0a\u7ac4\u722d\u53d6\u967d\u5149\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u7b46\u76f4\u7684\u6a39\u5e79\uff0c\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u50f9\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u68ee\u6797\u4e2d\uff0c\u8981\u561b\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u6a39\uff0c\u8981\u561b\u662f\u4f4e\u77ee\u7684\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u4e5f\u662f\u5149\u7dda\u3002\u4ecb\u65bc\u9ad8\u8207\u4f4e\u7684\u6a39\u6728\uff0c\u6b20\u7f3a\u967d\u5149\u800c\u9913\u6b7b\u3002\u5f9e\u9ad8\u9ad8\u7684\u6a39\u51a0\u900f\u4e0b\u7684\u5149\u7dda\u662f\u9310\u72c0\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u96d6\u7136\u8f03\u5f31\u4f46\u662f\u6bd4\u8f03\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u5149\u7dda\uff0c\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u4f4e\u77ee\u7684\u6a39\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

12. \u6a39\u7684\u5f62\u72c0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u91dd\u8449\u6a39\u5448\u73fe\u5713\u9310\u9ad4\u72c0\uff0c\u65e2\u6709\u5229\u65bc\u722d\u53d6\u51ac\u5929\u4f4e\u61f8\u592a\u967d\u7684\u5149\u7dda\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u6563\u71b1\u4e26\u4e14\u62b5\u79a6\u98a8\u96ea\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u91dd\u8449\u6a39\u4e2d\uff0c\u559c\u6b61\u967d\u5149\u7a0b\u5ea6\u662f\u6709\u5dee\u5225\u7684\uff1a\u677e\u6a39Pines > \u51b7\u6749Firs > \u96f2\u6749 Sprunes > \u9435\u6749Hemlocks\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u559c\u6b61\u967d\u5149\u76f4\u5c04\u7684\u677e\u6a39\u6709\u9577\u9577\u7684\u4e3b\u5e79\u6a39\u51a0\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e0a\u90e8\uff0c\u50cf\u967d\u5098\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u6975\u7aef\u7684\u9435\u6749\uff0c\u8f03\u4e0d\u559c\u6b61\u967d\u5149\uff0c\u5c31\u9577\u6210\u4e0a\u5c0f\u4e0b\u5927\u7684\u9310\u72c0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6ff6\u8449\u6a39\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u6bd4\u8f03\u6eab\u548c\uff0c\u6a39\u5f62\u4e0d\u5fc5\u50cf\u91dd\u8449\u6a39\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5713\u6f64\u5f62\u72c0\u5373\u53ef\u6d3b\u5f97\u5f88\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

13. \u5728\u6a39\u5e79\u4e0a\u7684\u5857\u9d09\u6703\u96a8\u8457\u6210\u9577\u800c\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u9ad8\u55ce\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u4e0d\u6703\u3002\u6a39\u6728\u4e00\u65e6\u6a39\u76ae\u5df2\u7d93\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u6a39\u5e79\u5c31\u53ea\u6703\u5f80\u5916\u9577\u7c97\u800c\u4e0d\u518d\u9577\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

14. \u6a39\u773c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6a39\u6728\u5728\u5357\u5074\u967d\u5149\u5145\u8db3\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u679d\u8449\u6bd4\u8f03\u7e41\u8302\uff0c\u4e5f\u6703\u81ea\u884c\u4fee\u526a\u6389\u66f4\u591a\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6a39\u679d\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u65b7\u88c2\u8655\u7684\u6a39\u76ae\u4e0a\u770b\u4f3c\u773c\u775b\u7684\u7d0b\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

15. \u840c\u6af1\u679d(Eoicormic sprouting)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6a39\u6728\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u5f80\u4e0a\u9577\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u6642\u5019\u5728\u6a39\u5e79\u4e0a\u6703\u767c\u73fe\u9577\u51fa\u8f03\u5c0f\u7684\u6a39\u679d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u840c\u6af1\u679d\u3002\u9019\u5f80\u5f80\u8868\u793a\u9019\u68f5\u6a39\u9762\u81e8\u4e86\u58d3\u529b\uff1a\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u640d\u5bb3\u3001\u4e7e\u65f1\u3001\u706b\u707d\u3001\u8001\u5316\u7b49\u7b49\u3002(\u4f46\u6709\u4e9b\u6a39\u672c\u4f86\u5c31\u7121\u6cd5\u6291\u5236\u840c\u6af1\u679d\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u6934\u6a39)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

16. \u6a39\u51a0\u7f9e\u907f(crown shyness)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u81e8\u8fd1\u7684\u6a39\u6728\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u6703\u5de7\u5999\u5730\u7559\u4e0b\u5c0f\u5c0f\u7684\u7a7a\u9699\uff0c\u8b93\u76f8\u4e92\u7684\u679d\u8449\u4e0d\u6703\u6253\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

17. \u5c0d\u751f(Opposite)\u6216\u4e92\u751f(Alternate)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u6a39\u8449\u6216\u5af0\u82bd\u662f\u5c0d\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u5c0f\u6a39\u679d\u548c\u5927\u6a39\u679d\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6a39\u679d\u7d93\u904e\u81ea\u884c\u4fee\u526a\uff0c\u6703\u770b\u4e0d\u51fa\u4f86\u3002(\u9019\u6211\u6709\u9ede\u61f7\u7591\uff0c\u4ee5\u524d\u6c92\u6709\u7279\u5225\u53bb\u6ce8\u610f)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

18. \u679d\u9818(branch collar)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6a39\u5e79\u70ba\u4e86\u652f\u6490\u6a39\u679d\uff0c\u5728\u6a39\u5e79\u548c\u6a39\u679d\u4e4b\u9593\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u589e\u751f\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u679d\u9818\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6a39\u679d\u5f80\u5916\u4f38\u5c55\uff0c\u5728\u548c\u6a39\u5e79\u9023\u7d50\u8655\u4e0a\u65b9\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u662f\u5f80\u4e0b\u62c9\u7684\u5f35\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u548c\u6a39\u5e79\u9023\u7d50\u8655\u4e0b\u65b9\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u662f\u5f80\u4e0b\u58d3\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6ff6\u8449\u6a39\u679d\u8f03\u5e73\u5c55\uff0c\u53d7\u5f35\u529b\u5f71\u97ff\u8f03\u5927\uff0c\u589e\u539a\u7684\u679d\u9818\u5728\u9023\u63a5\u8655\u7684\u4e0a\u65b9\u3002(\u300c\u6297\u5f35\u6750\u300dtension wood)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u91dd\u8449\u6a39\u6a39\u679d\u8f03\u50be\u659c\uff0c\u5f35\u529b\u5f71\u97ff\u8f03\u5c0f\uff0c\u589e\u539a\u7684\u679d\u9818\u5728\u9023\u63a5\u8655\u7684\u4e0b\u65b9\u4ee5\u62b5\u79a6\u58d3\u529b\u3002(\u300c\u6297\u58d3\u6750\u300dcompression wood)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

19. \u98a8\u526a\u6728(windsnap)\u6216\u98a8\u93df\u6728(windthrow)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5f37\u98a8\u5439\u65b7\u6a39\u5e79\u4f46\u4e0d\u5012\uff0c\u662f\u98a8\u526a\u6728\u3002\u6574\u682a\u5012\u4e0b\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u98a8\u93df\u6728\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u98a8\u526a\u6728\u662f\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u3002\u98a8\u93df\u6728\u53ef\u80fd\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d3b\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u51b7\u6749\u662f\u6839\u7cfb\u6dfa\u7684\u98a8\u93df\u6728\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

20. \u98a8\u7684\u65b9\u5411<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u98a8\u7684\u5439\u62c2\u4e0b\uff0c\u6a39\u5f62\u6703\u6b6a\u5411\u4e00\u908a\u3002\u5728\u8fce\u98a8\u5074\u66f4\u77ee\u66f4\u5bc6\u96c6\uff0c\u9006\u98a8\u5074\u5247\u66f4\u9ad8\u66f4\u7a00\u758f\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u98a8\u96a7\u6548\u61c9\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u5f37\u98a8\u7684\u5439\u62c2\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fce\u98a8\u5074\u7684\u679d\u8449\u53ef\u80fd\u65b7\u5149\uff0c\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u9006\u98a8\u5074\u6709\u679d\u8449\uff0c\u6a39\u5f62\u6709\u82e5\u65d7\u5b50\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u73fe\u8c61\u662f\u300c\u65d7\u5316\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u98a8\u5728\u8fce\u98a8\u9762\u88ab\u6a39\u6728\u64cb\u4f4f\u800c\u5df2\u5f80\u4e0a\u6607\uff0c\u5728\u6a39\u6728\u7684\u9006\u98a8\u8655\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u7247\u7121\u98a8\u5340\u57df\uff0c\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u98a8\u5f71\u300d(wind shadows)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u98a8\u5728\u6797\u4e0b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u66a2\u884c\u7121\u963b\uff0c\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u690d\u682a\u7522\u751f\u7684\u78e8\u64e6\u529b\u6703\u4ee4\u98a8\u7ffb\u6eda\uff0c\u662f\u70ba\u300c\u6f29\u6e26\u300d(eddy)\uff0c\u5728\u6a39\u4e0b\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u9806\u98a8\u8655\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u611f\u89ba\u98a8\u662f\u4e82\u5439\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8d70\u5165\u68ee\u6797\uff0c\u4e0d\u6703\u611f\u5230\u5f37\u98a8\u5728\u5439\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u98a8\u88ab\u58d3\u7e2e\u5728\u6a39\u51a0\u548c\u5730\u9762\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u662f\u70ba\u300c\u81a8\u8139\u300d(bulge)\u3002\u5728\u6a39\u6797\u4e2d\u982d\u90e8\u9ad8\u5ea6\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u98a8\uff0c\u6bd4\u66f4\u9ad8\u8655\u53ca\u66f4\u4f4e\u8655\u8981\u5f37\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u5728\u68ee\u6797\u4e0b\u611f\u5230\u9670\u6dbc\uff0c\u5076\u723e\u6709\u51b7\u6c23\u822c\u5fae\u98a8\u7684\u8212\u723d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

21. \u6a39\u5e79<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6a39\u6728\u6108\u8001\u6108\u7c97\uff0c\u91cf\u6a39\u7684\u80f8\u5f91(diameter at breast height, DBH, \u5728\u4eba\u80f8\u90e8\u9ad8\u5ea6\u2014\u20141.3\u516c\u5c3a\u2014\u2014\u91cf\u5230\u7684\u6a39\u5e79\u5713\u5468\u9577\u5ea6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u6578\u682a\u4e3b\u5e79\uff0c\u5247\u5404\u5225\u5713\u5468\u9577\u5ea6\u5e73\u65b9\u5408\u4e4b\u5f8c\u958b\u65b9\u6c42\u5747\u503c)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u6982\u7b97\uff0c\u6a39\u7684\u80f8\u5f91\u6bcf\u5e74\u6703\u95772.5\u516c\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u80f8\u5f912.5\u516c\u5c3a\u7684\u6a39(\u76f4\u5f91\u7d0480\u516c\u5206\uff0c\u534a\u5f9140\u516c\u5206)\uff0c\u5c31\u7d04\u662f\u767e\u6b72\u4eba\u745e\u7684\u6a39\u4e86\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(\u6839\u64da\u7814\u7a76\u8abf\u67e5 \uff0c\u7389\u5c71\u5713\u67cf\u7684\u76f4\u5f91\u6bcf\u589e\u52a01 \u516c\u5206 \uff0c\u80f8\u5f913.14159\u516c\u5206\uff0c\u9700\u898122.8 \u5e74\u7684\u6642\u9593\u3002\u76f8\u7576\u65bc\u6bcf\u5e74\u76f4\u5f91\u6bcf\u589e\u52a00.043\u516c\u5206 \uff0c\u80f8\u5f910.137\u516c\u5206\u3002\u76f4\u5f91\u53ea\u67095\u516c\u5206\u7684\u7389\u5c71\u5713\u67cf\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u662f\u8d85\u904e\u767e\u5e74\u3002\u800c\u5f88\u4f4e\u77ee\u7684\u7389\u5c71\u5713\u67cf\u9577\u5f97\u53c8\u66f4\u6162\u5462\uff01\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7576\u6a39\u5e79\u5916\u6709\u9686\u8d77\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u6a39\u5e79\u51fa\u4e86\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u589e\u751f\u7d44\u7e54\u4f86\u4fee\u5fa9\u7522\u751f\u9686\u8d77\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9686\u8d77\u7684\u6a39\u810a\u662f\u6ed1\u9806\u7684\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u8868\u6a39\u6728\u6210\u529f\u7652\u5408\u4e86\uff1b\u5c16\u92b3\u6216\u51f8\u8d77\u7684\u6a39\u810a\u5247\u4ee3\u8868\u5931\u6557\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6a39\u5e79\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u7531\u5167\u800c\u5916\u662f\uff1a\u6a39\u5fc3\u3001\u9ad3\u5fc3(heart or pith)\u3001\u5fc3\u6750(heart wood)\u3001\u908a\u6750(sapwood)\u3001\u5f62\u6210\u5c64(cambium)\u3001\u9771\u76ae\u90e8(phloem) \u3001\u5916\u5c64\u6a39\u76ae(outer bark)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6625\u590f\u9577\u5f97\u5feb\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u9577\u51fa\u7d30\u80de\u58c1\u8f03\u8584\u7684\u5927\u578b\u7d30\u80de\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u5e74\u8f2a\u8f03\u5bec\u984f\u8272\u8f03\u6dfa\u3002\u79cb\u51ac\u7684\u5e74\u8f2a\u5247\u8f03\u7a84\u984f\u8272\u8f03\u6dfa\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e74\u8f2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u4f30\u7b97\u6a39\u6728\u7684\u5e74\u9f61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6709\u5916\u5728\u74b0\u5883\u58d3\u529b\uff0c\u5982\u65f1\u707d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6a39\u6728\u5927\u91cf\u7d50\u679c\u7684\u8c50\u5e74\uff0c\u5e74\u8f2a\u4e5f\u6bd4\u8f03\u7a84\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6709\u4e9b\u6a39\u6728\u4e0a\u6709\u6728\u523a\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u6a39\u6728\u62b5\u79a6\u8349\u98df\u6027\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u4fdd\u8b77\u6a5f\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

22. \u6a39\u6839<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6a39\u6839\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u7d04\u53ef\u9054\u6a39\u51a0\u5bdb\u5ea6\u76842.5\u500d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6a39\u6839\u6709\u56db\u7a2e\u578b\u614b\uff1a\u53c8\u5ee3\u53c8\u6dfa\u7684\u789f\u76e4\u72c0(Plate)\u3001\u4e0b\u6c88\u72c0(Sinker)\u3001\u53c8\u5ee3\u53c8\u6df1\u7684\u5fc3\u81df\u72c0(Heart)\u3001\u6df1\u6839\u8ef8\u72c0(Tap)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A. \u53c8\u5ee3\u53c8\u6dfa\u7684\u789f\u76e4\u72c0(Plate)\uff1a\u51b7\u6749\u3001\u96f2\u6749\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u91dd\u8449\u6a39\u7684\u6839\u4e00\u822c\u6bd4\u8f03\u662f\u6df1\u6839\u8ef8\u72c0(Tap); \u6ff6\u8449\u6a39\u6240\u9700\u7684\u71df\u990a\u5728\u6dfa\u8655\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6ff6\u8449\u6a39\u7684\u6839\u76f8\u5c0d\u6bd4\u8f03\u6dfa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B. \u4e0b\u6c88\u72c0(Sinker)\uff1a\u6a61\u6a39<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C. \u53c8\u5ee3\u53c8\u6df1\u7684\u5fc3\u81df\u72c0(Heart)\uff1a\u6a3a\u6a39\u3001\u843d\u8449\u677e\u3001\u6934\u6a39<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D. \u6df1\u6839\u8ef8\u72c0(Tap)\uff1a\u80e1\u6843\u6a39<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6a39\u6839\u5728\u8fce\u98a8\u5411\u6703\u6bd4\u80cc\u98a8\u5411\u9577\u5f97\u7c97\u72c0\uff0c\u4ee5\u62b5\u79a6\u98a8\u5439\u6642\u7522\u751f\u7684\u5f35\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9577\u5728\u9661\u5761\u4e0a\u7684\u6a39\u6839\uff0c\u4e0b\u5761\u8655\u7684\u6839\u6703\u6bd4\u8f03\u7c97\uff0c\u4ee5\u62b5\u79a6\u91cd\u529b\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6700\u4ee4\u4eba\u5370\u8c61\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u6a39\u6728\u7684\u6839\u9577\u5f97\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u5bdb\u5927\uff0c\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u677f\u6839\u300d\u5462\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6839\u96e2\u6a39\u5e79\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u9b1a\u6839\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f03\u7d30\u5c0f\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f03\u6015\u8e29\u8e0f\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u8e29\u8e0f\u6703\u5728\u6a39\u6839\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u6c23\u7a74\uff08cavitations), \u7a7a\u6c23\u6ce1\u6ce1\uff0c\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u6c34\u5206\u904b\u8f38\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

23. \u6a39\u8449 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u91dd\u8449\u6a39\u70ba\u4e86\u61c9\u4ed8\u66f4\u56b4\u82db\u7684\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8449\u5b50\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u91dd\u8449\u6216\u5448\u73fe\u9c57\u7247\u72c0\u8449\u3002(\u967d\u5149\u5f37\u3001\u4e7e\u71e5\u3001\u5bd2\u51b7\u3001\u591a\u98a8\u7684\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u6a39\u6728\u7684\u8449\u5b50\u6703\u5f88\u5c0f\u6216\u8005\u662f\u91dd\u8449\u3002)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7e31\u7136\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u7a2e\u7684\u6a39\uff0c\u9577\u5728\u98a8\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u7a1c\u7dda\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u8449\u5b50\u6703\u66f4\u5c0f\u66f4\u539a(\u751a\u81f3\u9577\u6eff\u4fdd\u6696\u4fdd\u6ebc\u7684\u6bdb)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7167\u5230\u592a\u967d\u8f03\u591a\u7684\u967d\u8449(sun leaves)\u6bd4\u8d77\u9670\u8449(shade leaves), \u9577\u5f97\u8f03\u5c0f\u3001\u8f03\u539a\u3001\u984f\u8272\u8f03\u6dfa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u55ae\u8449(simple leave)\u6307\u4e00\u6839\u300c\u8449\u67c4\u300d(petiole) \u4e0a\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u7247\u8449\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8907\u8449(compound leave)\u5247\u662f\u8449\u67c4\u5f80\u524d\u5ef6\u4f38\u6210\u4e00\u6839\u300c\u8449\u8ef8\u300d\uff0c\u5f9e\u8449\u8ef8\u4e0a\u9577\u51fa\u6578\u500b\u5c0f\u8449\uff0c\u4e5f\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u7fbd\u72c0\u8907\u8449\u300d(pinnate compound)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7fbd\u72c0\u8907\u8449\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u6349\u5927\u91cf\u967d\u5149\uff0c\u5728\u660e\u4eae\u591a\u98a8\u7684\u6eab\u5e36\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u9069\u5408\u5feb\u901f\u751f\u9577\u7684\u5148\u9a45\u6a39\uff0c\u5982\u767d\u81d8\u6a39\u548c\u63a5\u9aa8\u6728\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6a39\u6728\u7684\u88c2\u8449(lobed leaves)\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u6563\u71b1\uff0c\u6c23\u5019\u6108\u71b1\u8449\u88c2\u6108\u6df1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6709\u4e9b\u7269\u7a2e\u7684\u5e7c\u8449\u548c\u8001\u8449\u9577\u50cf\u5dee\u90a3\u9ebc\u591a\uff1f\u5e7c\u8449\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u78b3\u4ee5\u4f9b\u6210\u9577\uff0c\u4f46\u8001\u8449\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u751f\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6a44\u6b16\u548c\u6849\u6a39\u70ba\u4e86\u61c9\u4ed8\u9ad8\u71b1\u53ca\u70c8\u65e5\uff0c\u8449\u7247\u5448\u73fe\u9280\u8272\u8abf\uff0c\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u80fd\u53cd\u5c04\u967d\u5149\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6a39\u8449\u6b63\u9762\u548c\u80cc\u9762\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u7232\u5b83\u5011\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6a39\u8449\u6b63\u9762\u70ba\u4e86\u884c\u5149\u5408\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u8449\u7da0\u7d20\uff0c\u5448\u73fe\u7da0\u8272\u3002\u8449\u80cc\u5247\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u6c23\u9ad4\u4ea4\u63db\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u96f2\u6749\u7684\u91dd\u8449\u4e0a\u7684\u81d8\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee4\u5176\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u504f\u5411\u85cd\u8272\uff0c\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u4fdd\u8b77\u8449\u5b50\u6e1b\u5c11\u7d2b\u5916\u5149\u7684\u50b7\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8449\u5b50\u8b8a\u9ec3\u662f\u300c\u9ec3\u5316\u300d(chlorosis)\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7f3a\u6c2e\u6216\u9382\u3002(\u5728\u79cb\u5929\u6642\uff0c\u843d\u8449\u6a39\u5f9e\u8449\u5b50\u56de\u6536\u990a\u4efd\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7da0\u8272\u7684\u8449\u7da0\u7d20\uff0c\u539f\u4f86\u88ab\u84cb\u4f4f\u7684\u82b1\u9752\u7d20\u984f\u8272\uff0c\u9ec3\u8272\u7684\u3001\u7d05\u8272\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u986f\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\u4e86\u3002)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u91dd\u8449\u7247\u4e0a\u7684\u767d\u8272\u689d\u7d0b\uff0c\u662f\u300c\u65fa\u76db\u6c23\u5b54\u300d(stomatal bloom)\uff0c\u51b7\u6749\u6a39\u7a2e\u90fd\u6709\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u82b1\u65d7\u677e\u3001\u9280\u51b7\u6749\u3001\u5de8\u51b7\u6749\u3002\u4f46\u5927\u591a\u6578\u96f2\u6749\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u70ba\u4e86\u627f\u53d7\u66f4\u56b4\u82db\u7684\u5929\u6c23\u7684\u8449\u5b50\uff1a\u66f4\u539a\u3001\u66f4\u5f37\u97cc\u3001\u66f4\u9ecf\u3001\u66f4\u6bdb\u7d68\u7d68\u3001\u66f4\u92d2\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9577\u5c16\u523a\u7684\u8449\u5b50\uff0c\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5c0d\u6297\u8349\u98df\u6027\u52d5\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8449\u5b50\u4e0a\u7684\u7d30\u6bdb\uff0c\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u84b8\u6563\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5728\u8449\u7de3\u7684\u6bdb\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5c0f\u6c23\u5019\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u971c\u51cd\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u6bdb\u7d68\u53ef\u4ee5\u963b\u64cb\u6606\u87f2\u5165\u4fb5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8449\u5b50\u4e0a\u7684\u81d8\uff0c\u9632\u66ec\u4e26\u9632\u6c34\u3002\u6a39\u8449\u672b\u7aef\u6108\u5c16\uff0c\u6392\u6c34\u6108\u5feb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8449\u67c4\u4e0a\u7684\u871c\u817a(nectaries)\uff0c\u6703\u5206\u6ccc\u82b1\u871c\uff0c\u5438\u5f15\u6606\u87f2\uff1a\u6afb\u6843\u6728\u3001\u6885\u6a39\u3001\u674f\u4ec1\u3001\u6843\u6a39\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8449\u7247\u70ba\u4e86\u7d93\u6fdf\u6027\u5730\u63d0\u4f9b\u8449\u7247\u627f\u98a8\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u61c9\u529b\uff0c\u8449\u67c4\u8981\u561b\u662f\u6241\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u561b\u662f\u6709\u6e9d\u69fd(u\u578b\u6216v\u578b)\u3002\u9019\u5728\u5927\u578b\u8449\u7684\u8449\u67c4\u4e0a\u5c24\u70ba\u660e\u986f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

24. \u771f\u83cc<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u771f\u83cc\u5728\u5730\u5e95\u4e0b\u548c\u6a39\u6728\u7684\u6839\u5bc6\u5207\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u5171\u751f\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u571f\u58e4\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u771f\u83cc\u7684\u51fa\u73fe(\u6211\u5011\u770b\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u662f\u771f\u83cc\u7684\u5b50\u5be6\u9ad4)\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6a39\u6728\u6b63\u906d\u53d7(\u771f\u83cc\u7684)\u653b\u64ca\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u672c\u8eab\u5df2\u7d93\u9081\u5411\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

25. \u6625\u5929<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6a39\u6728\u5f9e\u591c\u665a\u7684\u9577\u5ea6\u548c\u6eab\u5ea6\u4f86\u6c7a\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u6625\u4f86\u4e86\uff0c\u8a72\u767c\u82bd\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8b6c\u5982\u7d2f\u8a08\u6eab\u6696\u6642\u6578\uff0c\u4ee5\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u7cd6\u6953\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u7d2f\u7a4d140\u500b\u5c0f\u6642\u7684\u6eab\u6696\u6642\u6578\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c0d\u5b83\u4f86\u8aaa\u6625\u5929\u624d\u662f\u5230\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u679c\u6a39\u5982\u679c\u6c92\u6709\u7d93\u904e\u4e00\u6bb5\u5bd2\u51b7\u671f\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u4e0d\u4fe1\u5bd2\u51ac\u5df2\u904e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6696\u51ac\u5e38\u5e38\u4f7f\u5f97\u679c\u6a39\u7121\u6cd5\u958b\u82b1\u7d50\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5730\u7403\u6696\u5316\u6c23\u5019\u7570\u5e38\uff0c\u5c0d\u6a39\u6728\u5c31\u662f\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

26. \u958b\u82b1\u548c\u6388\u7c89<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u98a8\u529b\u6388\u7c89\u7684\u6a39\uff0c\u82b1\u5916\u89c0\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u591a\u6578\u91dd\u8449\u6a39\u662f\u98a8\u529b\u6388\u7c89\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u52d5\u7269\u6388\u7c89\u7684\u6a39\uff0c\u82b1\u5916\u89c0\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u7528\u4f86\u5438\u5f15\u6606\u87f2\uff0c\u6ff6\u8449\u6a39\u5927\u591a\u662f\u52d5\u7269\u6388\u7c89\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u82b1\u53ef\u4ee5\u9577\u5728\u679d\u689d\u7684\u672b\u68a2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5438\u5f15\u6606\u87f2\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u679d\u689d\u7684\u672b\u68a2\u4e00\u65e6\u958b\u4e86\u82b1\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6a39\u679d\u5c31\u5f97\u6539\u8b8a\u751f\u9577\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u5e36\u4f86\u7d50\u69cb\u4e0a\u7684\u5f31\u9ede\uff0c\u6a39\u679d\u6703\u5448\u73fe\u92f8\u9f52\u72c0\uff0c\u6703\u9650\u5236\u6a39\u6728\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u82b1\u9577\u5728\u679d\u689d\u7684\u5074\u908a\u7684\u6a39\u6728\uff0c\u6703\u9577\u5f97\u6bd4\u8f03\u7b46\u76f4\uff0c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

27. \u8c50\u5e74<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6a39\u6728\u4e0d\u6703\u6bcf\u5e74\u90fd\u662f\u7d50\u5be6\u7d2f\u7d2f\u7684\u8c50\u5e74\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u9996\u5148\u662f\u56e0\u7232\u7d50\u5be6\u9700\u8981\u5f88\u591a\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4ee5\u6a61\u6a39\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6bcf\u5e74\u90fd\u662f\u8c50\u5e74\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c31\u6703\u4f7f\u5f97\u91ce\u8c6c\u4e0d\u65b7\u7684\u7e41\u6b96\uff0c\u628a\u679c\u5be6\u90fd\u5403\u5b8c\u800c\u4ee4\u6a61\u6a39\u7121\u6cd5\u7559\u4e0b\u5f8c\u4ee3\u3002\u6a61\u6a39\u6709\u8352\u5e74\uff0c\u6703\u7bc0\u5236\u91ce\u8c6c\u7684\u6578\u91cf\uff0c\u7576\u8c50\u5e74\u4f86\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u843d\u679c\u5c31\u4e0d\u6703\u88ab\u5403\u5b8c\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6a39\u6728\u6709\u843d\u679c\u662f\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u679c\u5b50\u7d50\u4e86\u592a\u591a\u71df\u990a\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u4f9b\u61c9\uff0c\u6a39\u6728\u81ea\u884c\u5728\u4fee\u526a\u5462\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n

28. \u6539\u826f\u571f\u58e4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8d64\u694a\u548c\u7d30\u83cc(\u6839\u7624\u83cc)\u5f62\u6210\u5171\u751f\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u7d30\u83cc\u5e6b\u8d64\u694a\u628a\u6c2e\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u800c\u8d64\u694a\u5247\u56de\u5831\u7d30\u83cc\u7cd6\u5206\u3002\u8d64\u694a\u7684\u8449\u5b50\u5bcc\u542b\u6c2e\uff0c\u843d\u8449\u5c31\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u589e\u9032\u571f\u58e4\u7684\u80a5\u6c83\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

29. \u6bd2\u5b83\u4f5c\u7528(allelopathy)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6709\u4e9b\u6a39\u6728\u6703\u5206\u6c81\u5c0d\u5176\u4ed6\u690d\u7269\u6709\u6bd2\u7684\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u628a\u5730\u76e4\u4f54\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\uff1a\u675c\u9d51\u3001\u6b50\u6d32\u4e03\u8449\u6a39\u3001\u9ed1\u80e1\u6843\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u552f\u6bd2\u7d20\u6709\u91dd\u5c0d\u6027\uff0c\u4e0d\u6703\u6bba\u6b7b\u6240\u6709\u690d\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8b80\u5f8c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u5f8c\u89c0\u5bdf\u6a39\u6728\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u592a\u7cfe\u7d50\u65bc\u5b83\u7684\u540d\u7a31\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7a2e\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5d14\u65af\u5766\u2022\u53e4\u529b\u628a\u91cd\u5fc3\u653e\u5728\u6a39\u6728\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5916\u52a0\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u6548\u5c24\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

*: \u5d14\u65af\u5766\u2022\u53e4\u529b Tristan Gooley \u8457 \u694a\u8a60\u7fd4 \u8b6f\uff0c\u6a39\u7684\u5fae\u5b87\u5b99 How to read a tree, 2024\u5e7410\u67083\u65e5\u521d\u7248\uff0c\u5546\u5468\u51fa\u7248<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2026\/3\/28 \u6a39\u7684\u5fae\u5b87\u5b99 How to read a tree Damakey<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u300e\u95b1\u8b80\u6a39\u6728\u7684\u85dd\u8853\uff0c\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u5b78\u7fd2\u8fa8\u8b58\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5f62\u72c0\u548c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e26\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u610f…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39746","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-9","category-3"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39746","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=39746"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39746\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39748,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39746\/revisions\/39748"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=39746"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=39746"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=39746"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}