{"id":39290,"date":"2025-03-14T17:44:00","date_gmt":"2025-03-14T09:44:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/?p=39290"},"modified":"2025-11-18T17:45:28","modified_gmt":"2025-11-18T09:45:28","slug":"%e6%99%82%e9%90%98","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/?p=39290","title":{"rendered":"\u6642\u9418"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/IMG_0752-768x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-39291\" srcset=\"https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/IMG_0752-768x1024.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/IMG_0752-225x300.jpeg 225w, https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/IMG_0752-585x780.jpeg 585w, https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/IMG_0752.jpeg 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u5011\u5728\u7761\u524d\u8a2d\u5b9a\u4e86\u9b27\u9418\uff0c\u5b89\u7a69\u7761\u4e00\u591c\uff0c\u9694\u5929\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6015\u8aa4\u4e86\u8d77\u5e8a\u7684\u6642\u9593\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u53e4\u65e9\u7684\u4eba\u985e\uff0c\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u6642\u5019\u8a72\u8d77\u5e8a\u4e86\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u6642\u9418\uff0c\u662f\u7528\u6c34\u6ef4\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u4f86\u8a08\u6642\uff0c\u662f\u6c34\u9418(water clock)\uff0c\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u897f\u5143\u524d1500\u5e74\u7684\u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\uff0c\u796d\u53f8\u7528\u6c34\u9418\u4f86\u8a08\u7b97\u767d\u5929\u548c\u591c\u665a\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u6642\u9593\u9577\u77ed\u7684\u5dee\u5225\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53e4\u5e0c\u81d8\u4eba\u7528\u6c34\u9418\u8a08\u6642\uff0c\u7528\u4f86\u63a7\u5236\u5728\u6cd5\u5ead\u4e0a\u8b1b\u8a71\u7684\u9577\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6c34\u6703\u84b8\u767c\uff0c\u7802\u5b50\u5c31\u4e0d\u6703\uff0c\u7528\u7802\u5b50\u6d41\u52d5\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u4f86\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7802\u6f0f(hourglasses)\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6cd5\u862d\u514b\u570b\u738b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u897f\u7f85\u99ac\u5e1d\u570b\u6ec5\u4ea1300\u5e74\u5f8c\u9996\u4f4d\u88ab\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u627f\u8a8d\u7684\u7f85\u99ac\u7687\u5e1d\uff0c\u67e5\u7406(\u66fc)\u5927\u5e1d(Charlemagne\uff0c742-814\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u70ba\u4e86\u6297\u8861\u5728\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u5357\u90e8\u7684Umayyad dynasty,&nbsp;&nbsp;\u5728\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\uff0c\u7d66\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u6771\u65b9\u7684\u300c\u6ce2\u65af\u4e4b\u738b\u300d(King of Persia)\uff0c\u9001\u53bb\u4e86\u79ae\u7269\uff0c\u4ed6\u7576\u7136\u4e5f\u6709\u5c0d\u5916\u5ba3\u63da\u570b\u5a01\u7684\u7528\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6c92\u6709\u60f3\u5230\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u79d1\u6280\u6bd4\u897f\u6b50\u9032\u6b65\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u56de\u6559\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u963f\u62d4\u65af\u5e1d\u570b(746-1258\uff0c\u5510\u4ee3\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u9ed1\u8863\u5927\u98df\u300d)\uff0c\u9001\u4f86\u4e86\u4e00\u5806\u4eae\u773c\u7684\u79ae\u7269\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u8a2d\u8a08\u7cbe\u7f8e\u7684\u6c34\u9418\uff0c\u4ee4\u9a55\u50b2\u7684\u67e5\u7406(\u66fc)\u5927\u5e1d\u770b\u5f97\u76ee\u77aa\u53e3\u5446\u3002(\u963f\u62d4\u65af\u5e1d\u570b\u5728750\u5e74\u5df2\u7d93\u628aUmayyad dynasty\u53d6\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u800c\u5960\u90fd\u65bc\u5df4\u683c\u9054\u4e86)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Sultan Harun al-Rashid, fifth caliph of the Abbasid Arabs, had sent eye-popping gifts &#8211; silks, candelabras, perfumes and even a live elephant. He had spent a fortune and it was one hell of a show, but the greatest pressie was a sumptuous water clock, elegantly fashioned from brass. The Islamic craftsmen had seemingly taken Aristotle&#8217;s chiming alarm clock and gone to town with it; upon each passing hour, little balls tumbled down to strike a cymbal and a skilfully carved horseman would pop out of one of 12 doors, like a gorgeously hewn whack-a-mole game. This wasn&#8217;t just a functional clock for timing speeches, this was technology as art.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6c34\u9418\u5728\u6bcf\u500b\u6574\u9ede\uff0c\u6703\u6709\u5c0f\u7403\u73e0\u843d\u4e0b\u6572\u97ff\u9285\u9238\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u572812\u500b\u5c0f\u9580\u4e2d\u76f8\u61c9\u65bc\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u9ede\u7684\u9580\u6703\u6253\u958b\u4f86\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u6728\u96d5\u9a0e\u58eb\u6703\u8df3\u4e86\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\u90a3\u500b\u6c34\u9418\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ea(\u50cf\u5e0c\u81d8\u4eba\u4e00\u6a23)\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u63a7\u5236\u8aaa\u8a71\u7684\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u5b83\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u662f\u79d1\u6280\u548c\u85dd\u8853\u7684\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7d50\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u6c34\u9418\u548c\u7802\u6f0f\uff0c\u5728\u67e5\u7406(\u66fc)\u5927\u5e1d\u88ab\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u9707\u64bc\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7d0470\u5e74\uff0c\u963f\u723e\u5f17\u96f7\u5fb7\u5927\u5e1d(849-899, Alfred the Great, \u9818\u5c0e\u64ca\u9000\u6d77\u76dc\u7dad\u4eac\u4eba\u5165\u4fb5\u7684\u82f1\u570b\u570b\u738b)\u7684\u82f1\u683c\u862d\uff0c\u5247\u6709\u71ed\u9418(Candle clock)\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u881f\u71ed\u71c3\u71d2\u878d\u5316\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u77e5\u9053\u904e\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u6642\u9593\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u5b8b\u671d(960-1279\uff09\uff0c\u5247\u6709\u4e86\u9999\u9418(incense clock)\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6642\u6bb5\u6240\u9ede\u71c3\u7684\u9999\u6240\u6563\u767c\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u5473\u9053\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ea\u8981\u7528\u9f3b\u5b50\u805e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u77e5\u9053\u6642\u9593\u4e86\u5462\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u82f1\u6587\u300cclock\u300d\u9019\u500b\u5b57\uff0c\u6e90\u81ea\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u300cclocca\u300d, \u610f\u601d\u662fbell(\u9234)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9418\u64fa\u7528\u5728\u8a08\u6642\u4e0a\u7684\u767c\u660e\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u8a18\u9304\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u6982\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u4e00\u500b\u9418\u64fa\uff0c\u7531\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u5fc3\u8ef8\u64d2\u7e31\u5668\u300d(verge escapement)\u4f86\u63a7\u5236\u9418\u64fa\u7684\u5de6\u53f3\u64fa\u5e45\uff0c\u800c\u64fa\u52d5\u7684\u52d5\u529b\u4f86\u81ea\u91cd\u529b\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u8b93\u9418\u64fa\u53ef\u4ee5\u904b\u4f5c\u9577\u4e00\u9ede\u7684\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u6709\u4e86\u767c\u689d(coiled springs)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u767c\u73fe\u9418\u64fa\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u662f\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u00b7\u4f3d\u5229\u840a\uff08Galileo Galilei \uff1b1564-1642\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2026the two pendulums of the same length will swing at the same rate, even if one is pushed with much greater speed through a wider arc\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9418\u64fa\u64fa\u52d5\u7684\u983b\u7387\uff0c\u53ea\u548c\u9418\u64fa\u7684\u9577\u5ea6\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u76f8\u540c\u9577\u5ea6\u7684\u9418\u64fa\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u64fa\u5e45\u591a\u5927\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u64fa\u52d5\u7684\u983b\u7387\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u5f8c\u4f86\u5fd9\u8457\u5225\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u53cd\u800c\u5f9e\u4f86\u6c92\u6709\u505a\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u9418\u64fa\u6642\u9418\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1657\u5e74\uff0c\u6709\u9418\u64fa\u7684\u6642\u9418\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u6bcf\u5929\u6703\u5dee\u4e0a60\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1644\u5e74\uff0c\u6cd5\u570b\u535a\u7269\u5b78\u5bb6Marin Mersenne\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u9577\u5ea639.1\u82f1\u540b\u7684\u9418\u64fa\uff0c\u64fa\u52d5\u4e00\u6b21(\u534a\u9031\u671f\uff0c\u7531\u9ad8\u9ede\u5230\u4f4e\u9ede\u518d\u56de\u5230\u9ad8\u9ede), \u525b\u597d\u662f\u4e00\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f9e1670\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u6709\u4eba\u5c07\u9019\u9ebc\u9577\u7684\u9418\u64fa\u88dd\u5230\u9577\u578b\u7684\u6728\u76d2\u4e2d\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u770b\u5230\u8001\u723a\u9418\u7684\u539f\u578b\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1929\u5e74\uff0c\u6709\u77f3\u82f1\u9707\u76ea\u5668\u7684\u767c\u660e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e00\u76f4\u52301970\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u624d\u958b\u59cb\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u77f3\u82f1\u9418\u9336\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7528\u96fb\u4f86\u9a45\u52d5\u9418\u64fa\uff0c\u6700\u65e9\u8ffd\u6eaf\u81f3\u6ed1\u9435\u76e7\u5927\u6230\u76841815\u5e74\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u671f\u7684\u975c\u96fb\u9418(electrostatic clock).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u975c\u96fb\u9418\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u5728\u5169\u500b\u6975\u6027\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e7e\u96fb\u6c60\u9593\uff0c\u92fc\u73e0(\u9418\u64fa)\u5145\u96fb\u800c\u88ab\u540c\u6975\u7684\u975c\u96fb\u6392\u65a5\u800c\u4e14\u88ab\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u908a\u5438\u5f15\u800c\u64fa\u904e\u53bb\uff0c\u63a5\u8457\u53c8\u88ab\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u908a\u7684\u975c\u96fb\u6392\u65a5\u800c\u64fa\u56de\u4f86\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u5f80\u5fa9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6709\u4e00\u500bOxford Electric Bell\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8017\u7528\u7684\u975c\u96fb\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u5fae\u5c0f\uff0c\u5f9e1840\u5e74\u4ee3\u81f3\u4eca\u5df2\u7d93\u64fa\u4e86\u5c07\u8fd1200\u5e74\uff0c\u90fd\u9084\u6c92\u505c\u6b62\u5462\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7701\u96fb\u7684\u975c\u96fb\u9418\u4e26\u6ca1\u6709\u5e02\u5834\u5316\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u662f\u572819\u4e16\u7d00\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u96fb\u78c1\u9418(electromagnetic clock)\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u96fb\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u78c1\u529b\u53bb\u64fa\u52d5\u9418\u64fa\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u5e02\u5834\u7684\u65b0\u5bf5\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u7576\u6642\u9084\u662f\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u4e0a\u767c\u689d\u7684\u6a5f\u68b0\u9418(mechanical clock\u70ba\u4e3b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1930\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4ea4\u6d41\u96fb\u958b\u59cb\u666e\u53ca\uff0c\u96fb\u78c1\u9418\u5c31\u88ab\u96fb\u5b50\u9418(electric clock)\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u3002\u96fb\u5b50\u9418\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\u96fb\u768450-60 \u8d6b\u8332(hertz, \u6bcf\u79d2\u9707\u52d5\u7684\u983b\u7387) \uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u540c\u6b65\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u5c31\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u7528\u9418\u64fa\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u73fe\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6709\u7cbe\u6e96\u539f\u5b50\u9418(Atomic clock) \u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u300e\u539f\u5b50\u9418\u4e26\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u653e\u5c04\u7dda\u8a08\u6642\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u96fb\u5b50\u8f49\u8b8a\u80fd\u7d1a\u6642\u91cb\u653e\u7684\u7cbe\u78ba\u5fae\u8a0a\u865f\u3002\u300f(\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6839\u64da\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u9418\uff0c\u7d04\u6bcf1.4\u5104\u5e74\u8aa4\u5dee\u4e0d\u5230\u4e00\u79d2\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2019\u5e74\uff0c\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u4f48\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u6838\u5b50\u9418(Nuclear clock)\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9054\u52303,000\u5104\u5e74\u8aa4\u5dee\u4e0d\u8d85\u4e00\u79d2\u9418\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u554a\u22ef\u22ef\u770b\u770b\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4eba\u751f\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u932f\u904e\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u6642\u9593\u4e86\u554a\uff01\u5982\u662f\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7528\u539f\u5b50\u9418\u3001\u6838\u5b50\u9418\u4f86\u8861\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8abf\u597d\u9694\u5929\u7684\u9b27\u9418\uff0c\u624b\u6a5f\u7684\u96fb\u5b50\u9418\u5c31\u5f88\u597d\u7528\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5047\u65e5\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c31\u8b93\u967d\u5149\u548c\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u9000\u9ed1\u6fc0\u7d20\u6fc3\u5ea6\u4f86\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u4eba\u985e\uff0c\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u6642\u9418\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u5929\u5929\u7761\u5230\u81ea\u7136\u9192\u7684\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P.S. \u76f8\u7247\u65bc2019\/10\/9 \u651d\u65bc\u6377\u514b\u514b\u9b6f\u59c6\u6d1b\u592b\u57ce\u5821\u3002\u5728\u9418\u9336\u4e0d\u767c\u9054\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u9023\u5831\u6642\u90fd\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u624b\ud855\ude83\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u6559\u5802\u7684\u9418\u8072\uff0c\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u6709\u4e9b\u8a31\u7684\u6642\u9593\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>*: Greg Jenner, A million years in a day, 2015, Thomas Dunne Books<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2025\/3\/14 \u6642\u9418 Damakey<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6211\u5011\u5728\u7761\u524d\u8a2d\u5b9a\u4e86\u9b27\u9418\uff0c\u5b89\u7a69\u7761\u4e00\u591c\uff0c\u9694\u5929\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6015\u8aa4\u4e86\u8d77\u5e8a\u7684\u6642\u9593\u3002&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39290","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-3"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39290","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=39290"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39290\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39292,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39290\/revisions\/39292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=39290"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=39290"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=39290"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}