{"id":38364,"date":"2024-08-05T23:30:00","date_gmt":"2024-08-05T15:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/?p=38364"},"modified":"2024-11-22T23:31:25","modified_gmt":"2024-11-22T15:31:25","slug":"the-philosophy-of-envy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/?p=38364","title":{"rendered":"The philosophy of envy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u300aThe philosophy of envy\u300b\u9019\u672c\u66f8\uff0c\u628aEnvious \u548c Jealous\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u60c5\u7dd2\uff0c\u505a\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u5340\u5225\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So while both emotions are rivalrous and competitive, the jealous sees the rival as attempting to take away what is rightfully theirs, whereas the envious sees the rival as having something they (the agent) want. While the envious may think they have a right to it, that is not a necessary feature of the emotion, and bystanders often disagree and see the envious in the negative light of an aggressor more often than not. This difference with regard to perceived entitlement and justice of the gap between the agent and the target explains the different societal attitude toward the two emotions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5927\u610f\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u96d6\u7136jealous \u548c envious\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6bd4\u8f03\u7684\u3001\u5145\u6eff\u6575\u5c0d\u7684\u60c5\u7dd2\uff0c\u7136\u800cjealous\u6bd4\u8f03\u662f\u4e3b\u4eba\u7fc1\u89ba\u5f97\u4ed6\u7684\u6575\u5c0d\u8005\uff0c\u596a\u53d6\u4e86\u4ed6\u6240\u61c9\u7576\u6709\u6b0a\u64c1\u6709\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u81f3\u65bcenvious \u5247\u662f\u4e3b\u4eba\u7fc1\u770b\u5230\u4ed6\u7684\u6575\u5c0d\u8005\uff0c\u64c1\u6709\u4ed6\u60f3\u8981\u537b\u6c92\u6709\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u628ajealous \u548c envious\u7ffb\u8b6f\u4e2d\u6587\u70ba\u300c\u5ac9\u5992\u300d\u548c\u300c\u7fa8\u6155\u300d\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u80fd\u66f4\u8cbc\u8fd1\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u5c0d\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u60c5\u7dd2\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u548c\u770b\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5ac9\u5992(Jealousy)\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u7a2e\u64c1\u6709\u7684\u5931\u53bb(loss)\uff0c\u800c\u7fa8\u6155(Envy)\u5247\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u7a2e\u672a\u64c1\u6709\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u6b20\u7f3a\uff08Lack)\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7684Lack versus loss model\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u5019\u5ac9\u5992\u548c\u7fa8\u6155\u7684\u60c5\u7dd2\u662f\u6703\u540c\u6642\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8b6c\u5982\uff0c\u611b\u4eba\u88ab\u6436\u4e86\uff0c\u4e3b\u4eba\u7fc1\u5931\u53bb\u6240\u611b\uff0c\u6545\u800c\u5ac9\u5992\uff1b\u800c\u4e3b\u4eba\u7fc1\u7684\u5c0d\u624b\u73fe\u5728\u64c1\u6709\u4e86\u611b\u4eba\uff0c\u4e3b\u4eba\u7fc1\u6b20\u7f3a\u4e86\u6200\u4eba\u7684\u611b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e00\u7a2e\u6b20\u7f3a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7fa8\u6155\u3002\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u5927\u5bb6\u5f80\u5f80\u770b\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f03\u662f\u5ac9\u5992\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7fa8\u6155\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u300aThe philosophy of envy\u300b\u8ac7\u7684\u91cd\u9ede\u662f\u7fa8\u6155(Envy)\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u7dd2\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u7522\u751f\u7684\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7fa8\u6155\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u5728\u65bc\u6bd4\u8f03(comparison)\uff0c\u4f5b\u5bb6\u5247\u8b1b\u5f97\u66f4\u5ee3\u6cdb\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u5206\u5225\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u9ad4\u7684\u8208\u8d77\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u6709\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5206\u5225\u5fc3\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Instagram, Facebook, and all the other social media are replete with people boasting about their good fortune, talents, and achievements, and they become mirrors on the wall who constantly refuse to tell us that we are the fairest in the land. D’Arms and Jacobson, in making their case that many goods that are central to flourishing are necessarily dependent on social comparison, claim: “Part of the desire to achieve is surely an aspiration to excellence, and excellence in various endeavors – from scholarship to the arts, industry, even athletics – contributes to human flourishing. Yet which accomplishments count as excellent, or sufficiently good to be worthy of pride, is largely a function of performance of others( especially those who are nearby)\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5927\u610f\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u5728\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u9ad4\u4e0a\u5145\u65a5\u8457\u5ba3\u63da\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u591a\u9ebc\u68d2\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u8cbc\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u5e0c\u671b\u6bd4\u5225\u4eba\u505a\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u5411\u4e0a\u9032\u6b65\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u554f\u984c\u662f\uff0c\u6771\u897f\u4e0d\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u5176\u597d\u4e0d\u597d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some things cannot be good (and hence are not properly judged to be good\uff09 without some people doing better than others. The comparison here is metaphysically and logically necessary. This is the case of positional goods, which are defined as “goods the absolute value of which, to their possessors, depends on those possessors’ place in the distribution of the good – on their relative standing with respect to the good in question” \uff08Brighouse and Swift 2006, 474). A standard example of a positional good is honor: to be honorable in a certain society means to be anointed, to be given a social status that is higher than other people’s. To be in any honor association is valuable precisely because not everybody gets in – only a small portion of individuals gets in and that is where its value stems from.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5927\u610f\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e4b\u5f8c\u624d\u77e5\u9053\u6709\u591a\u597d\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u8ca1(Positional goods)\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u91d1\u9322\u548c\u6c7d\u8eca\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f03\u5b83\u5728\u5206\u4f48\u7684\u54ea\u500b\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f86\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6709\u591a\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u300c\u69ae\u8b7d\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u8ca1\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u76f8\u5c0d\u5c11\u6578\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u6703\u88ab\u8ce6\u4e88(\u6309\uff1a\u8b6c\u5982\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u3001\u69ae\u8b7d\u535a\u58eb\u3001\u69ae\u8b7d\u5e02\u6c11\u7b49\u7b49)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Other typical examples of positional goods are connected to social status, and in a consumeristic society they are often luxury material goods, objects or experiences that cost a lot of money and cannot be afforded by many people and thus function as status symbols. These tend to often be dismissed as inauthentic goods, not only by moral philosophers but also by sociologists and psychologists, for good reasons: evidence shows that they do not actually bring happiness, and one of the reasons why they don’t is that agents are caught up in an arms race, which is never-ending and collectively damaging (see, e.g., Frank 1999). But there are positional goods that are not so easily rejected as false idols: educational pedigrees are one such case. An Ivy League degree has value also (some might say primarily) in virtue of the social currency it carries, and not just because of the education that is expected to be associated with it, as is shown by the success of many an underachieving student who can nevertheless tout having graduated from a prestigious institution (the list of US presidents provides some examples). These degrees are prized because it is very difficult to be admitted to one of those schools. Similarly with publications: the higher the rejection rate of a journal the better the journal is taken to be\u2026Groucho Marx’s joke that he does not want to be a member of a club that admits him relies in part on this truth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5730\u4f4d\u8ca1\u548c\u793e\u6703\u5730\u4f4d\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u5728\u6d88\u8cbb\u81f3\u4e0a\u7684\u98a8\u6c23\u4e2d\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5962\u4f88\u54c1\u6216\u82b1\u5927\u9322\u7684\u4eab\u53d7\uff0c\u975e\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u8ca0\u64d4\u5f97\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u6210\u70ba\u793e\u6703\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u3001\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u5bb6\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u4e0d\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u7a2e\u5730\u4f4d\u8ca1\u662f\u771f\u7684\u597d\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u4e0d\u898b\u5f97\u6703\u5e36\u4f86\u5feb\u6a02\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5462\uff1f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u4e0d\u65b7\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7af6\u9010\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u4e00\u5c71\u9084\u6bd4\u4e00\u5c71\u9ad8\uff0c\u7d50\u679c(\u5e7e\u4e4e)\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86\u8f38\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7562\u696d\u65bc\u5e38\u6625\u85e4\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5b78\u6821\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5730\u4f4d\u8ca1\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5b83\u5011\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u529f\u6210\u540d\u5c31\u7684\u6821\u53cb\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u9019\u4e9b\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u9304\u53d6\u7387\u5f88\u4f4e\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u7269\u4ee5\u7a00\u70ba\u8cb4\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9802\u5c16\u7684\u671f\u520b\uff0c\u6709\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u6548\u61c9\u3002\u6295\u7a3f\u7684\u9000\u4ef6\u7387\u6975\u9ad8\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u80fd\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u520b\u51fa\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5f97\u4e86\u7684\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7f8e\u570b\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u559c\u5287\u6f14\u54e1\u99ac\u514b\u65af\u56e0\u6b64\u66fe\u7d93\u5e7d\u9ed8\u5730\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u6703\u52a0\u5165\u4efb\u4f55\u6703\u5141\u8a31\u4ed6\u52a0\u5165\u7684\u4ff1\u6a02\u90e8(\u56e0\u70ba\u4e0d\u5141\u8a31\u4ed6\u52a0\u5165\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u96e3\u52a0\u5165\u7684\u4ff1\u6a02\u90e8\uff0c\u624d\u503c\u5f97\u4ed6\u52a0\u5165\uff01)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026It is not simply that our conception of the self, of our talents, of our character is inherently comparative. It is our conception of pretty much anything that matters that is based on interpersonal comparisons, and, in many cases, it is strictly dependent on one’s position in those comparison scales. This is especially true with regard to scarce or finite resources, but we live in a world where socioeconomic inequalities are rising and natural resources are diminishing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5927\u610f\uff1a\u62fc\u547d\u5162\u9010\u548c\u6bd4\u8f03\u5730\u4f4d\u8ca1\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u662f\u4e0d\u7406\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u900f\u904e\u4eba\u8207\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u800c\u9010\u6f38\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u81ea\u5df1\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4f4d\u65bc\u90a3\u500b\u7e3d\u9ad4\u5206\u4f48\u7684\u54ea\u4e00\u500b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f86\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u6bd4\u8f03\u7a00\u7f3a\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\u4e0a\u9762\u3002\u5f88\u4e0d\u5e78\u5730\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u8ca7\u5bcc\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u4e0d\u5747\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026..<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u5730\u4f4d\u8ca1\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u7aef\uff0c\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u975e\u5730\u4f4d\u8ca1(Non-positional goods)\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u4f11\u9592\u3001\u611b\u60c5\u3001\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u3001\u6b78\u5c6c\u611f\u3001\u74b0\u5883\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5730\u4f4d\u8ca1\u662f\u6bd4\u8f03\u4f86\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u975e\u5730\u4f4d\u8ca1\u4e26\u7121\u6cd5\u81ea\u5916\u65bc\u6bd4\u8f03\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But many of the objects and properties described above rely on comparison in a second, epistemic sense: their standards are set through comparison, as I illustrated at the beginning. Whether I am perceived by others as healthy, beautiful, intelligent,and so forth depends on how I compare to others in my comparison class, on community standards, on ideas of “normality” and “function” that cannot but be comparative. Thus, I have made a metaphysical claim (that much human goodness depends on implicit or explicit rankings and positionality) and an epistemic one (that we use implicit or explicit comparison to know what position we occupy in this continuum of goodness).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5927\u610f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u50cf\u5065\u5eb7\u9019\u7a2e\u975e\u5730\u4f4d\u8ca1\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5230\u5e95\u591a\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u900f\u904e\u6bd4\u8f03\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f03\u548c\u6211\u5011\u540c\u4e00\u7d1a\u5225\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f03\u793e\u7fa4\u5167\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u4f86\u4e86\u89e3\u81ea\u5df1\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6216(\u5404\u5668\u5b98)\u529f\u80fd\u72c0\u6cc1\u3002\u800c\u9019\u4e9b\uff0c\u4e0d\u5916\u90fd\u662f\u900f\u904e\u6bd4\u8f03\u800c\u4f86\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u662d\u544a\u5929\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b78\u4e0a(\u4eba\u985e\u611f\u53d7\u597d\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u57fa\u65bc\u96b1\u6666\u7684\u6216\u660e\u986f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u53ca\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f86\u6c7a\u5b9a)\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5f62\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u4e0a\u4f86\u8aaa(\u6211\u5011\u662f\u7528\u96b1\u6666\u7684\u6216\u660e\u986f\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u53bb\u63a2\u77e5\u6211\u5011\u5230\u5e95\u5728\u597d\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f54\u64da\u5230\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f86\u6c7a\u5b9a)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026..<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u7d50\u8ad6\u9084\u662f\u51fa\u65bc\u6bd4\u8f03(comparison)\uff0c\u662f\u5206\u5225\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u800c\u9019\u4e0d\u5c31\u662f\u5ac9\u5992\u3001\u7fa8\u6155\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u66f4\u591a\u4e0d\u6eff\u7684\u60c5\u7dd2\uff0c\u6240\u5e36\u4f86\u7d66\u6211\u5011\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u55ce\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u5920\u597d\u55ce\uff1f\u6211\u9019\u8f29\u5b50\u904e\u5f97\u597d\u55ce\uff1f\u7136\u5f8c\u6211\u5011\u900f\u904e\u6bd4\u8f03\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u597d\u4e0d\u597d\u3001\u6709\u591a\u597d\u3002\u60f3\u8981\u900f\u904e\u9019\u500b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u8ab0\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u611f\u5230\u75db\u82e6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f5b\u5bb6\u91dd\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u547d\u984c\uff0c\u662f\u63a1\u53d6\u6b63\u672c\u6e05\u6e90\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u4e0d\u8981\u6709\u5206\u522b\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b63\u5982\u91d1\u525b\u7d93\u4e2d\u8aaa\u7684\uff1a\u300c\u2026\u2026\u8af8\u83e9\u85a9\u6469\u8a36\u85a9\uff0c\u61c9\u5982\u662f\u751f\u6e05\u6de8\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e0d\u61c9\u4f4f\u8272\u751f\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e0d\u61c9\u4f4f\u8072\u3001\u9999\u3001\u5473\u3001\u89f8\u3001\u6cd5\u751f\u5fc3\uff0c\u61c9\u7121\u6240\u4f4f\uff0c\u800c\u751f\u5176\u5fc3\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e0d\u61c9\u4f4f\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u8981\u6709\u5206\u5225\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8272\u5373\u662f\u7a7a\uff0c\u7a7a\u5373\u662f\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u300c\u2026\u2026\u4e0d\u53d6\u65bc\u76f8\uff0c\u5982\u5982\u4e0d\u52d5\u3002\u4f55\u4ee5\u6545\uff1f\u4e00\u5207\u6709\u70ba\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u5922\u3001\u5e7b\u3001\u6ce1\u3001\u5f71\uff1b\u5982\u9732\uff0c\u4ea6\u5982\u96fb\uff0c\u61c9\u4f5c\u5982\u662f\u89c0\u3002\u300d(\u91d1\u525b\u7d93)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u65e2\u7136\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u5982\u5922\u3001\u5e7b\u3001\u6ce1\u3001\u5f71\u3001\u9732\u3001\u96fb\uff0c\u4f55\u9700\u62ff\u4f86\u6bd4\u8f03\u800c\u5f92\u751f\u7169\u60f1\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u61c9\u7121\u6240\u4f4f\u800c\u751f\u5176\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u300aThe philosophy of envy\u300b\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u7fa8\u6155(Envy)\u81ea\u6709\u5176\u63a8\u52d5\u793e\u6703\u9032\u6b65\u7684\u6b63\u9762\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7121\u6cd5\u4e0d\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u7121\u6240\u4f4f\u800c\u751f\u5176\u5fc3\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u9019\u6a23\u6b63\u9762\u7684\u53bb\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7121\u59a8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

*\uff1aSara Protasi, \u300aThe philosophy of envy\u300b, 2021, Cambridge University Press<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2024\/8\/5 The philosophy of envy Damakey<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u300aThe philosophy of envy\u300b\u9019\u672c\u66f8\uff0c\u628aE…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38364","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-3"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38364","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=38364"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38364\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38366,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38364\/revisions\/38366"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=38364"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=38364"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=38364"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}