{"id":38188,"date":"2024-09-20T16:05:00","date_gmt":"2024-09-20T08:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/?p=38188"},"modified":"2024-11-21T16:06:40","modified_gmt":"2024-11-21T08:06:40","slug":"the-power-of-creative-destruction","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/?p=38188","title":{"rendered":"The power of creative destruction"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"674\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-6-23-674x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-38189\" srcset=\"https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-6-23-674x1024.jpg 674w, https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-6-23-198x300.jpg 198w, https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-6-23-768x1167.jpg 768w, https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-6-23-585x889.jpg 585w, https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-6-23.jpg 790w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 674px) 100vw, 674px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7576\u7136\u3001\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u559c\u6b61\u55ae\u6975\u7368\u5f37\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b83\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u5730\u5145\u6eff\u9738\u6b0a\u610f\u8b58\uff0c\u5230\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u53bb\u767c\u63ee\u5730\u7de3\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\uff0c\u4f86\u4fdd\u969c\u7f8e\u570b\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f8e\u570b\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5982\u6b64\u4efb\u6027\u8dcb\u6248\uff0c\u5728\u65bc\u5b83\u6709\u8d85\u7d1a\u5f37\u7684\u570b\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u570b\u529b\u80cc\u5f8c\u652f\u6490\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u767c\u63ee\u5230\u6975\u81f4\uff0c\u6240\u5f15\u7206\u7121\u6575\u7684(\u7834\u58de\u6027)\u5275\u65b0\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5206\u6790\u5c08\u5229\u7533\u8acb\u6578\u53ca\u5c08\u5229\u88ab\u5f15\u8ff0\u7684\u6b21\u6578\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u81f4\u9593\u63a5\u7406\u89e3\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee52010\u52302017\u5e74\u9593\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u8cc7\u6599\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u7121\u570b\u80fd\u51fa\u5176\u53f3\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f9d\u5e74\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u767e\u842c\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u5c08\u5229\u7533\u8acb\u6578\u4f86\u770b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f8e\u570b 1,186.4\u4ef6\uff1b\u5fb7\u570b617.1\u4ef6\uff1b \u632a\u5a01316.4\u4ef6\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5275\u65b0\u7684\u6578\u91cf\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u9059\u9059\u9818\u5148\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u5275\u65b0\u7684\u54c1\u8cea\u548c\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u88ab\u5f15\u8ff0(cited)\u6700\u983b\u7e41\u6392\u540d\u524d5%\u7684\u5c08\u5229\uff0c\u88ab\u5f15\u8ff0\u7684\u6b21\u6578\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f8e\u570b 32,678 \u6b21\uff1b\u5fb7\u570b170.5\u6b21\uff1b\u6cd5\u570b5.9\u6b21\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u66f4\u4ee4\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u9707\u9a5a\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u5728\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u7684\u54c1\u8cea\u53ca\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u4ee5\u5339\u6575\u7684\u5c0d\u624b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f8e\u570b\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u7d55\u5c0d\u50be\u5411\u5546\u696d\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4fc3\u9032\u4e86\u5275\u65b0\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e5f\u9020\u6210\u8ca1\u5bcc\u5206\u914d\u7684\u60e1\u5316\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u6c92\u6709\u793e\u6703\u4fdd\u96aa\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u958b\u767c\u570b\u5bb6\u4e2d\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2026the United States is by no means a country that protects individuals from job loss, illness, or macroeconomic shocks such as the 2008 financial crisis or the COVID-19 pandemic, or from environmental risks. As for the European countries, they suffer from a different evil: they have failed to create the ecosystem-universities, institutional investors, venture capitalists, philanthro-pists, DARPA-that would enable them to be leaders rather than followers in future technological revolutions, and they may well be overtaken by China before long.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u610f\uff1a\u7f8e\u570b\u7d55\u5c0d\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u4fdd\u8b77\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\u7121\u6cd5\u900f\u904e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5e6b\u52a9\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5931\u696d\u885d\u64ca\u3001\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u6311\u6230\u6216\u8005\u7e3d\u9ad4\u7d93\u6fdf\u6240\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u98a8\u96aa\uff0c\u8b6c\u59822008\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u6a5f\u3001Covid-19\u7684\u50b3\u67d3\u75c5\u6216\u74b0\u5883\u8b8a\u9077\u6240\u5f15\u767c\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u5247\u9762\u5c0d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6311\u6230\uff1a\u5b83\u5011\u7121\u6cd5\u5275\u9020\u4e00\u500b\u5065\u5168\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u751f\u614b\u7cfb\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u6d41\u5927\u5b78\u3001\u6a5f\u69cb\u6295\u8cc7\u8005\u3001\u5275\u696d\u6295\u8cc7\u8005\u3001\u6148\u5584\u8d0a\u52a9\u8005\u3001\u8ecd\u5de5\u7522\u696d\u7814\u767c\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u65bc\u5b83\u5011\u5728\u672a\u4f86\u79d1\u6280\u7684\u9769\u547d\u4e0a\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u6210\u70ba\u9818\u5c0e\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u8ddf\u96a8\u8005\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u4e45\u7684\u672a\u4f86\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u4e2d\u570b\u6240\u8d85\u8d8a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u6b64\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u80fd\u5e36\u4f86\u5275\u65b0\u570b\u529b\u7684\u7d55\u5c0d\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u505a\u6cd5(\u5982\u7f8e\u570b)\uff0c\u548c\u6bd4\u8f03\u4fdd\u8b77\u4eba\u6c11\u793e\u6703\u3001\u8ca1\u5bcc\u5206\u914d\u8f03\u5e73\u5747\u7684\u7406\u60f3(\u5982\u6b50\u6d32\u570b\u5bb6)\u3001\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u9b5a\u8207\u718a\u638c\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u517c\u5f97\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe power of creative destruction\u201d\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u7fa4\uff0c\u5247\u62b1\u6301\u8457\u76f8\u5c0d\u6a02\u89c0\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8b6c\u5982\uff0c\u745e\u5178\u57281991\u5e74\u5be6\u65bd\u7a05\u5236\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u628a\u6700\u9ad8\u7d1a\u8ddd\u7684\u908a\u969b\u7a05\u7387\u5f9e88%\u964d\u523055%\uff1b\u8cc7\u672c\u5229\u5f97\u7a05\u4e00\u5f8b\u56fa\u5b9a\u572830%\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u5e74\u5ea6\u751f\u7522\u529b\u7684\u6210\u9577\u7387\u7ffb\u4e864\u500d\uff0c\u4e26\u4fc3\u9032\u4e86\u5275\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u745e\u5178\u524d1%\u7684\u5bcc\u4eba\u7684\u6536\u5165\u7565\u6709\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4f46\u8861\u91cf\u8ca7\u5bcc\u4e0d\u5747\u72c0\u6cc1\u7684Gini\u4fc2\u6578\u548c\u8ca7\u7aae\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u537b\u5f88\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u745e\u5178\u7684\u6539\u9769\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u5f9e\u798f\u5229\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u5f80\u91cd\u8996\u5275\u65b0\u7684\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8abf\u6574\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u6e1b\u640d\u5c0d\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u4fdd\u8b77\uff0c\u4e26\u517c\u9867\u6240\u5f97\u5206\u914d\u7684\u516c\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f8e\u570b\u662f\u958b\u767c\u570b\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u5168\u6c11\u5065\u4fdd\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u3002\u57282013\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6709\u9ad8\u905415%\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u5065\u5eb7\u4fdd\u96aa\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b50\u5df4\u99ac\u653f\u5e9c\u5f37\u529b\u63a8\u52d5\u6cd5\u6848\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u5065\u4fdd\u7684\u8986\u84cb\u7387\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u5065\u5eb7\u4fdd\u96aa\u4fdd\u969c\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u624d\u964d\u81f310%\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u745e\u5178\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u662f\u5f9e\u7d55\u5c0d\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u4e00\u7aef\uff0c\u5f80\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u90a3\u500b\u65b9\u5411\u7a0d\u7a0d\u632a\u52d5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f8e\u570b\u5065\u4fdd\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u6839\u672c\u7684\u554f\u984c\u662f\uff0c\u8d85\u904e\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u5065\u4fdd\uff0c\u662f\u96c7\u4e3b\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u9020\u6210\u5931\u696d\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u4e86\u5065\u4fdd\u30022020\u5e74\u5931\u696d\u7387\u98c6\u9ad8\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u5065\u4fdd\u4fdd\u969c\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c31\u8fc5\u901f\u8d85\u904e\u4e8610%\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f8e\u570b\u90a3\u4e9b\u6c92\u6709\u5065\u4fdd\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u9069\u8db3\u662f\u6700\u9700\u8981\u5065\u4fdd\u7684\u4eba\uff1a\u5931\u696d\u8005\u3001\u7121\u529b\u52a0\u4fdd\u7684\u7aae\u4eba\u3001\u975e\u6cd5\u79fb\u6c11\u8005\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u5171\u548c\u9ee8\u4eba\uff0c\u4e00\u5411\u8a8d\u70ba\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u7f8e\u570b\u5922\u300d\u61c9\u8a72\u9760\u81ea\u5df1\u52aa\u529b\u62fc\u535a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c0d\u653f\u5e9c\u63d0\u5217\u9810\u7b97\u589e\u52a0\u5065\u4fdd\u8986\u84cb\u7387\uff0c\u9817\u4e0d\u4ee5\u70ba\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u53c3\u773e\u5169\u9662\uff0c\u4e00\u5411\u78e8\u5200\u970d\u970d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f8e\u570b\uff0c\u4e5f\u9084\u6709\u9577\u8def\u8981\u8d70\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53f0\u7063\u6709\u5168\u6c11\u5065\u4fdd\u800c\u4e14\u50f9\u683c\u4f4e\u5ec9\uff0c\u9019\u7d55\u5c0d\u662f\u53f0\u7063\u4eba\u6c11\u4e4b\u798f\u3002\u6211\u5011\u8981\u601d\u8003\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u8b93\u5168\u6c11\u5065\u5eb7\u4fdd\u96aa\u53ef\u4ee5\u6c38\u7e8c\u7d93\u71df\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u570b\u529b\u4f86\u6e90\uff0c\u662f\u7814\u767c\u548c\u5275\u65b0\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u63d1\u4e86\u4e00\u628a\u51b7\u6c57\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u5011\u8209\u5168\u570b\u4e4b\u529b\u652f\u6301\u7684TSMC\uff0c\u662f\u6676\u5143\u7684\u88fd\u9020\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u57fa\u790e\u7814\u767c\u7684\u6210\u4efd\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>TSMC\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u6703\u8017\u76e1\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u7684\u570b\u529b\uff0c\u9032\u884c\u6676\u5143\u88fd\u9020\uff0c\u70ba\u5225\u4eba\u4f5c\u5ac1\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u6392\u65a5\u4e86\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u5c55\u53ca\u5275\u65b0\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u8b93\u53f0\u7063\u8f38\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f2a\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u7af6\u8cfd\u4e0a\u9762\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u503c\u5f97\u4e09\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5149\u60f3\u5230\u4e2d\u570b\u5728\u57fa\u790e\u7814\u7a76\u5275\u65b0\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8d85\u8d8a\u6b50\u6d32\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u5c31\u8b93\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u4e0d\u5bd2\u800c\u6144\u3002\u9019\u7d55\u5c0d\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u6642\u8b93\u4e0d\u8b93\u5229\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u662f\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>*\uff1a\u201dThe power of creative destruction,\u201d by Philippe Aghion, C\u00e9line Antonin, and Simon Bunel, translated by Cohen-Tanugi, 2021, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2024\/9\/20 The power of creative destruction Damakey<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7576\u7136\u3001\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u559c\u6b61\u55ae\u6975\u7368\u5f37\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u3002 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