{"id":37641,"date":"2024-10-31T14:40:00","date_gmt":"2024-10-31T06:40:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/?p=37641"},"modified":"2024-11-19T14:41:47","modified_gmt":"2024-11-19T06:41:47","slug":"nerve-adventures-in-the-science-of-fear","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/?p=37641","title":{"rendered":"nerve, Adventures in the Science of Fear"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"37642\" src=\"https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/752053863.961838-683x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-37642\" srcset=\"https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/752053863.961838-683x1024.jpeg 683w, https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/752053863.961838-200x300.jpeg 200w, https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/752053863.961838-768x1152.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/752053863.961838-585x878.jpeg 585w, https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/752053863.961838.jpeg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u60a8\u5fc3\u4e2d\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6050\u61fc\u55ce\uff1f\u4e0d\u7528\u5bb3\u6015\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u6709\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u85e5\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u91ab\u6cbb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u6050\u61fc(Fear)?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f8e\u570b\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5148\u9a45Granville Stanley Hall(1844-1924)\uff0c\u628a\u6050\u61fc(Fear)\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u300c\u5c0d\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u9810\u671f\u300d\uff08the anticipation of pain)\u3002*<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u50b3\u7d71\u5c0d\u6050\u61fc(Fear)\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u5728\u5fc3\u88cf\u5df2\u7d93\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa\u800c\u7121\u6cd5\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u56fa\u5316\u7406\u8ad6\u300d(Consolidation theory)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6cbb\u7642\u6050\u61fc(Fear)\uff0c\u6709\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u6e1b\u654f\u7642\u6cd5\u300d(Exposure therapy)\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u60a3\u8005\u4e0d\u65b7\u76f4\u9762\u6050\u61fc\uff0c\u800c\u9010\u6f38\u964d\u4f4e\u5176\u5c0d\u6050\u61fc\u7684\u654f\u611f\u5ea6\u800c\u7522\u751f\u7642\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4f9d\u7167\u300c\u56fa\u5316\u7406\u8ad6\u300d\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u300c\u6e1b\u654f\u7642\u6cd5\u300d\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u8a3b\u5b9a\u6709\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u66fe\u5728University of Amsterdam \u4efb\u8077\u7684Merel Kindt \u6559\u6388\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u795e\u5947\u7684\u8fa6\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6cbb\u7652\u6050\u61fc(Fear)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 2013, Kindt recruited subjects who were very afraid of spiders\u2014one of the most common phobias, and a fear that is also relatively easy to control in a laboratory setting. She instructed the participants to approach a terrarium that held a tarantula inside. Most of the participants struggled even to look at it. After two minutes, Kindt took them to another room and gave them either propranolol or a placebo. A few days later, Kindt put them back in the room with the spider. Every single participant in the propranolol group was able to approach the tarantula and, even more incredibly, reach out and touch its hairy abdomen with a finger. A year later, the propranolol group still reported levels of spider fear so low they would not have qualified for the study in the first place.**<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5927\u610f\uff1aMerel Kindt \u6559\u6388\u57282013\u5e74\u91dd\u5c0d\u86db\u8718\u6050\u61fc\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\u6240\u505a\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u3002\u5979\u5148\u8b93\u9019\u4e9b\u60a3\u8005\u63a5\u8fd1\u73bb\u7483\u676f\u4e2d\u7684\u6bdb\u8718\u86db(\u6355\u9ce5\u86db)\uff0c\u4ee5\u559a\u8d77\u4ed6\u5011\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\u6050\u61fc\u3002\u5169\u5206\u9418\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0cMerel Kindt \u6559\u6388\u5e36\u4ed6\u5011\u5230\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u623f\u9593\uff0c\u4f9d\u7167\u5be6\u9a57\u7d44\u548c\u5c0d\u7167\u7d44\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u8acb\u4ed6\u5011\u5206\u5225\u5403\u4e0b\u5fc3\u7387\u8abf\u6574\u9320(propranolol)\u6216\u5b89\u6170\u5291(placebo)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e7e\u5929\u4e4b\u5f8c\u628a\u60a3\u8005\u53ec\u56de\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u5403\u4e0b\u5fc3\u7387\u8abf\u6574\u9320(propranolol)\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u90fd\u514b\u670d\u4e86\u6050\u61fc\uff0c\u8b8a\u5f97\u80fd\u5920\u63a5\u8fd1\u751a\u81f3\u63a5\u89f8\u6bdb\u8718\u86db(\u6355\u9ce5\u86db)\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u4e00\u5e74\u5f8c\u9084\u4fdd\u6301\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u800c\u5403\u5b89\u6170\u5291\u7684\u60a3\u8005\uff0c\u5c0d\u6bdb\u8718\u86db(\u6355\u9ce5\u86db)\u5247\u4f9d\u7136\u611f\u5230\u6050\u61fc\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6539\u8b8a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Merel Kindt \u6559\u6388\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u767c\u60f3\u65bc\u7576\u6642\u4efb\u8077\u65bc\u7f8e\u570b\u7d10\u7d04\u5927\u5b78\u7684Karim Nader\uff0c\u57282000\u5e74\u767c\u4f48\u5728 Nature\u96dc\u8a8c\u4e0a\uff0c\u95dc\u65bc\u6210\u529f\u6539\u8b8a\u8001\u9f20\u6050\u61fc\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nader theorized that old memories were made \u201clabile\u201d whenever they were recalled, and required further protein synthesis in order to remain usable in future situations. In other words, under the right circumstances, our memories could be changed.**<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5927\u610f\uff1aNader\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u662f\uff0c\u6bcf\u7576\u5fc3\u88cf\u7684\u6050\u61fc\u88ab\u559a\u8d77\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u6050\u61fc\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u5c31\u8b8a\u5f97\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\u4e86\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u5408\u6210\u624d\u80fd\u518d\u5ea6\u56fa\u5316\u5b83\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u6050\ud84a\udcf7\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab(\u85e5\u7269)\u6539\u8b8a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Merel Kindt \u6559\u6388\u5c0d\u6050\u61fc\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u7642\u6cd5\uff0c\u6539\u7528\u5c0d\u4eba\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u6bd4\u8f03\u5c0f\u7684\u5fc3\u7387\u8abf\u6574\u9320(propranolol)\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u5e72\u64fe\u6050\u61fc\u8a18\u61b6\u518d\u5ea6\u56fa\u5316\u7684\u85e5\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5fc3\u7387\u8abf\u6574\u9320(propranolol)\uff0c\u662f\u8607\u683c\u862d\u85e5\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u8a79\u59c6\u58eb\u00b7\u61f7\u7279\u00b7\u5e03\u62c9\u514b\u7235\u58eb(Sir James W. Black\uff0c1924-2010)\u6240\u767c\u660e\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2eBeta \u53d7\u9ad4\u963b\u65b7\u5291\uff0c\u7528\u4f86\u6cbb\u7642\u5fc3\u7d5e\u75db\uff0c\u4ed6\u56e0\u6b64\u57281988\u5e74\u7372\u9812\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u734e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e03\u62c9\u514b\u7235\u58eb\u5927\u6982\u6c92\u6709\u60f3\u5230\uff0c\u90a3\u7a2e\u85e5\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u8b93\u4eba\u6e1b\u8f15\u6050\u61fc\u7684\u5370\u8a18\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8b93\u60a3\u8005\u4e0d\u518d\u611f\u5230\u6050\u61fc\uff0c\u771f\u662f\u5927\u529f\u5927\u5fb7\u554a\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">*\uff1aEva Holland, nerve, Adventures in the Science of Fear, 2020, The Experiment, LLC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">**: Ben Crair, \u3008The Cure For Fear, Scientists have discovered a radical new way to treat our most traumatic memories\u3009, May 2, 2016, New Republic&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2024\/10\/31 nerve, Adventures in the Science of Fear Damakey<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u60a8\u5fc3\u4e2d\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6050\u61fc\u55ce\uff1f\u4e0d\u7528\u5bb3\u6015\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u6709\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u85e5\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u91ab&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37641","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-3"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37641","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=37641"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37641\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37643,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37641\/revisions\/37643"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=37641"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=37641"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=37641"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}