{"id":37195,"date":"2024-03-16T12:02:03","date_gmt":"2024-03-16T04:02:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/?p=37195"},"modified":"2024-03-27T12:03:28","modified_gmt":"2024-03-27T04:03:28","slug":"meltdown-the-earth-without-glaciers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/?p=37195","title":{"rendered":"Meltdown, The Earth Without Glaciers"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"680\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-1-13-680x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-37196\" srcset=\"https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-1-13-680x1024.jpg 680w, https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-1-13-199x300.jpg 199w, https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-1-13-768x1156.jpg 768w, https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-1-13-585x881.jpg 585w, https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-1-13.jpg 797w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Meltdown is about melting glaciers, which cause (among other things):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&nbsp;&nbsp;more global warming<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&nbsp;&nbsp;more sea level rise that destroys coastal communities and ecosystems<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&nbsp;&nbsp;more fresh water shortages at key moments when we need water the most<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&nbsp;&nbsp;more warming of the oceans<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&nbsp;&nbsp;more unstable and violent weather patterns<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&nbsp;&nbsp;more destruction of habitat and feeding grounds for flora and fauna<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&nbsp;&nbsp;more land shifts that can destroy current ecological stability<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&nbsp;&nbsp;and more dangerous environments that can lead to catastrophic incidents like glacier tsunamis (GLOFs).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cMeltdown\u201c \u9019\u672c\u66f8\u8ac7\u5230\u51b0\u5ddd\u878d\u5316\u6703\u9020\u6210\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u52a0\u91cd\u5168\u7403\u6696\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u63d0\u9ad8\u6d77\u5e73\u9762\uff0c\u6467\u6bc0\u7015\u81e8\u6d77\u5cb8\u7684\u793e\u5340\u53ca\u751f\u614b\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5728\u6700\u9700\u8981\u6c34\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u6642\u523b\u66f4\u5e38\u7f3a\u6c34\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6d77\u6d0b\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u6696\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5929\u6c23\u578b\u614b\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\u800c\u4e14\u6975\u7aef\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u66f4\u591a\u958b\u82b1\u690d\u7269\u53ca\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u68f2\u4f4d\u53ca\u98df\u7269\u4f86\u6e90\u5730\u5340\u53d7\u5230\u7834\u58de\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u66f4\u591a\u571f\u77f3\u6ed1\u52d5\u800c\u6bc0\u53ca\u73fe\u5b58\u751f\u614b\u5708\u7684\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5f62\u6210\u66f4\u5371\u96aa\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u5c0e\u81f4\u8af8\u5982\u51b0\u5ddd\u6d77\u562f\u7b49\u7684\u707d\u96e3\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Melting glaciers aren&#8217;t the original cause of our climate problems, they are a symptom of a much greater problem (global warming). But they are also a force, which in turn feeds back into the problem and makes it even worse. Scientists call this a feedback loop intensifying a tendency. Our climate is changing drastically, perhaps beyond repair. Scientists call this moment when things become unreparable, the tipping point.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u51b0\u5ddd\u878d\u5316\u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u9020\u6210\u6c23\u5019\u554f\u984c\u7684\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u90a3\u53ea\u662f\u5168\u7403\u6696\u5316\u9019\u500b\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u554f\u984c\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u63a8\u529b\uff0c\u53cd\u994b\u56de\u4f86\u4f7f\u5f97\u5168\u7403\u6696\u5316\u66f4\u56b4\u91cd\u3002\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u60e1\u6027\u5faa\u74b0\u3002\u6c23\u5019\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u662f\u5287\u70c8\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u5df2\u7d93\u7121\u6cd5\u633d\u56de\u3002\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u7a31\u4e8b\u60c5\u767c\u5c55\u5230\u5e7e\u4e4e\u7121\u6cd5\u8f49\u571c\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u6642\u523b\u70ba\u8f49\u6369\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>CO2 emissions are responsible for about two thirds of global warming. In other words, CO2 emissions are responsible for about two thirds of the increase in planetary temperature. And while fast and aggressive CO2 mitigation is essential to combat climate change, it is not enough. Fast and aggressive mitigation is also needed for other non-CO2 emissions that are responsible for 40-45% of that net increase in planetary heat. These emissions include: black carbon, tropospheric ozone, methane, and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). Because these pollutants survive for relatively short times in the atmosphere (from days to a few years or decades \u2014unlike CO2 which remains for centuries), they are considered \u201cshort-lived climate pollutants.\u201d The super pollutants, especially black carbon and tropospheric ozone, can also be very harmful to people and environments in the areas where they are emitted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u9020\u6210\u5168\u7403\u6696\u5316\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u6c23\u6eab\u6607\u9ad8\u6709\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\u6b78\u8cac\u65bc\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u3002\u56fa\u7136\u5feb\u901f\u800c\u4e14\u7a4d\u6975\u9632\u6b62\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u662f\u9762\u5c0d\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u90a3\u9084\u4e0d\u5920\u3002\u5feb\u901f\u800c\u4e14\u7a4d\u6975\u9632\u6b62\u975e\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6c23\u9ad4\u7684\u6392\u653e\u4e5f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u90a3\u4f5440%-45%\u5168\u7403\u6696\u5316\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u6c23\u9ad4\u5305\u62ec\u78b3\u7159\u3001\u5c0d\u6d41\u5c64\u81ed\u6c27\u3001\u7532\u70f7\u3001\u6c1f\u6c2f\u78b3\u5316\u7269\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u5728\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\u505c\u7559\u6642\u9593\u76f8\u5c0d\u8f03\u77ed(\u5f9e\u5e7e\u5929\u5230\u5e7e\u5e74\u6216\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74)\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u77ed\u671f\u6c23\u5019\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u8d85\u7d1a\u7684\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\uff0c\u662f\u78b3\u7159\u548c\u5c0d\u6d41\u5c64\u81ed\u6c27\uff0c\u5728\u5b83\u5011\u6392\u653e\u7684\u5340\u57df\u5c0d\u4eba\u9ad4\u548c\u5468\u906d\u74b0\u5883\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas that is many more times harmful than CO2 for the climate. A full 60% of methane emissions are due to human activity. Black carbon (a component of soot) emitted for example by the dirty combustion of engines, the burning of wood, or from flaring in oil and gas production, is terrible for human health while also warming the atmosphere because its dark particles absorb light and melt glaciers when deposited on glacier surfaces, \u2026Hydrofluorocarbon (or HFCs-commonly found in refrigerators or AC systems) are human-made chemicals that can be many thousands of times as harmful to the climate as CO2. Tropospheric ozone (a key component of smog) is a major air and climate pollutant, bad for people and very bad for the climate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7532\u70f7\u662f\u6eab\u5ba4\u6548\u61c9\u7684\u8d85\u7d1a\u6c23\u9ad4\uff0c\u5c0d\u6c23\u5019\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u6bd4\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u5f37\u4e0a\u6578\u500d\u3002\u8db3\u8db3\u670960%\u7684\u7532\u70f7\u6392\u653e\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u6d3b\u52d5\u6240\u81f4\u3002\u78b3\u7159(\u7159\u7164\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u4efd)\u7684\u6392\u653e\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\uff1a\u5f15\u64ce\u71c3\u71d2\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u3001\u71d2\u6750\u3001\u7149\u88fd\u6cb9\u54c1\u548c\u74e6\u65af\u52a0\u71b1\u71c3\u71d2\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u6703\u5371\u5bb3\u4eba\u9ad4\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u6703\u6696\u5316\u7a7a\u6c23\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u7684\u9ed1\u8272\u9846\u7c92\u6703\u5438\u6536\u967d\u5149\uff0c\u5728\u843d\u5230\u51b0\u5ddd\u4e0a\u6703\u4fc3\u4f7f\u5176\u878d\u89e3\u2026\u2026\u6c1f\u6c2f\u78b3\u5316\u7269(\u6216\u7a31HFCs\u2014\u4e00\u822c\u898b\u65bc\u51b0\u7bb1\u6216\u7a7a\u8abf\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d) \u662f\u4eba\u9020\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u5c0d\u6c23\u5019\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u5371\u5bb3\u6578\u5343\u500d\u65bc\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u3002\u5c0d\u6d41\u5c64\u81ed\u6c27(\u7159\u5875\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u4efd)\u662f\u7a7a\u6c23\u548c\u6c23\u5019\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\uff0c\u5c0d\u4eba\u9ad4\u4e0d\u597d\u800c\u5c0d\u6c23\u5019\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u5247\u662f\u5f88\u58de\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Not addressing super pollutants and not phasing them out immediately is not an option if we are to keep to the maximum warming targets the world established in the Paris Agreement. If, for example, we delay reducing super pollutants until 2030 it will become almost impossible to keep warming to 2\u00b0C by the end of the century. A combined strategy, however, of aggressive CO2 and immediate super pollutant mitigation can avoid 0.6\u00b0C of warming by 2050 and 2.6\u00b0C by 2100.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u8981\u9054\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u570b\u5728\u300c\u5df4\u9ece\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u300d\u6240\u8a2d\u4e0b\u7684\u6696\u5316\u6700\u9ad8\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u4e0d\u8655\u7406\u8d85\u7d1a\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u3001\u4e0d\u5c07\u5176\u99ac\u4e0a\u6dd8\u6c70\u6389\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u9078\u9805\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u6211\u5011\u5ef6\u9072\u81f32030\u5e74\u624d\u6e1b\u5c11\u8d85\u7d1a\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c07\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u7d50\u675f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5c07\u6696\u5316\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4fdd\u6301\u57282\u00b0C\u4e4b\u5167\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u63a1\u53d6\u9f4a\u982d\u4e26\u9032\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u7a4d\u6975\u6e1b\u5c11\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6392\u653e\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5247\u99ac\u4e0a\u9032\u884c\u8d85\u7d1a\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u7684\u53bb\u9664\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u57282050\u5e74\u524d\u907f\u514d0.6\u00b0C\u7684\u6696\u5316\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u57282100\u524d\u907f\u514d2.6\u00b0C\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When it comes to methane gas and black carbon, our lifestyle choices are critical if we are to reduce emissions of these pollutants and slow climate change now. First of all, it is absolutely essential to reduce our dependency on fossil fuels and change the technology that we purchase so that we can reduce these emissions. You will hear ad nauseam commercials (essentially lobbying) from the oil companies about how natural gas has made us energy independent and that natural gas is a transition fuel to clean energy. BS! Let me say that again, BS! Natural gas (methane) is not a transition fuel. It&#8217;s worse than CO2; according to the EPA, if we look at a century of impacts, methane is 25 times worse than CO2 (that is, methane traps 25 times more heat than CO2). But if we look at the short term (over a 20 year period, when methane is causing most of its damage) it&#8217;s a whopping 86 times more potent as a greenhouse gas than CO2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u81f3\u65bc\u7532\u70f7\u548c\u78b3\u7159\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u8981\u6e1b\u5c11\u9019\u4e9b\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u7684\u6392\u653e\u4e26\u6e1b\u7de9\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u751f\u6d3b\u578b\u614b\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u5927\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u7d55\u5c0d\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u8981\u6e1b\u5c11\u5c0d\u77f3\u5316\u71c3\u6599\u7684\u4f9d\u8cf4\uff0c\u4e26\u8cfc\u8cb7\u5148\u9032\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u4f86\u6e1b\u5c11\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u6392\u653e\u3002\u4f60\u6703\u5f9e\u77f3\u6cb9\u516c\u53f8\u807d\u5230\u4ee4\u4eba\u6688\u982d\u8f49\u5411\u7684\u5546\u696d\u5ee3\u544a(\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7528\u4f86\u904a\u8aaa)\uff0c\u8aaa\u5929\u7136\u6c23\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u6e1b\u5c11\u80fd\u6e90\u7684\u4f9d\u8cf4\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8aaa\u5929\u7136\u6c23\u662f\u671d\u5411\u4e7e\u6de8\u80fd\u6e90\u7684\u904e\u6e21\u6027\u71c3\u6599\u3002\u80e1\u626f\uff01\u8b93\u6211\u518d\u99e1\u4e00\u53e5\uff0c\u80e1\u626f\uff01\u5929\u7136\u6c23(\u5c31\u662f\u7532\u70f7)\u4e26\u975e\u904e\u6e21\u6027\u71c3\u6599\u3002\u4f9d\u64da\u74b0\u4fdd\u7f72\uff0c\u5b83\u6bd4\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u9084\u7cdf\u7cd5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u8a55\u4f30\u5728\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u6642\u9593\u5167\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u7532\u70f7\u6bd4\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u7cdf\u4e0a25\u500d(\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u7532\u70f7\u7684\u4fdd\u6696\u6548\u679c\u662f\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u768425\u500d)\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u77ed\u671f(\u4ee5\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u671f\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u671f\u9593\u7532\u70f7\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u9020\u6210\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5371\u5bb3)\uff0c\u7532\u70f7\u6bd4\u8d77\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u662f\u9ad8\u905486\u500d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6f5b\u5728\u6eab\u5ba4\u6548\u61c9\u6c23\u9ad4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So when you hear those ads from the petroleum association or from oil and gas companies, talking about &#8220;clean&#8221; natural gas, just know that this is pure fabrication and paid for by the oil and gas industry. Methane is not a clean fuel. No fossil fuels are clean in any way shape or form. We need to get rid of them, and while it won&#8217;t happen overnight, it has to happen soon. Energy systems that run on natural gas have high leak rates, as do the various extraction and processing phases in the production of oil and gas. Oil and gas companies don&#8217;t like to admit it but the methane leak rates for their operations are very high, and with accidents like we saw at Aliso Canyon in California in 2015-2016, where 190,000 metric tons of natural gas leaked, uninterrupted, into the atmosphere for 5 months, the impacts to the climate are horrendous. The carbon footprint of the Aliso Canyon blowout is thought to be greater than the BP Deepwater Horizon spill in the Gulf of Mexico. Another source of significant methane leaks are the hundreds of thousands of abandoned oil and gas wells (that&#8217;s in the United States alone, globally, the number is in the millions) that if improperly sealed, may also be leaking methane gas, uncontrollably. These emissions are destroying our climate many times faster than CO2 emissions, and we must address them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u7576\u6211\u5011\u770b\u5230\u77f3\u6cb9\u5354\u6703\u6216\u77f3\u6cb9\u548c\u74e6\u65af\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u5ee3\u544a\uff0c\u8aaa\u5929\u7136\u6c23\u662f\u4e7e\u6de8\u7684\u80fd\u6e90\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u90a3\u7d14\u7cb9\u662f\u7f85\u7e54\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u8b0a\u8a00\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u77f3\u6cb9\u548c\u74e6\u65af\u7522\u696d\u6240\u8d0a\u52a9\u7684\u5ee3\u544a\u3002\u7532\u70f7\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e7e\u6de8\u7684\u80fd\u6e90\u3002\u6c92\u6709\u77f3\u5316\u71c3\u6599\u662f\u4e7e\u6de8\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u4f86\u81ea\u600e\u6a23\u7684\u5f62\u72c0\u6216\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u64fa\u812b\u5b83\u5011\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u9019\u4e0d\u6703\u5728\u4e00\u591c\u4e4b\u9593\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u5011\u52d5\u4f5c\u8981\u5feb\u3002\u5229\u7528\u5929\u7136\u6c23\u7684\u80fd\u6e90\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u5176\u5916\u6d29\u7387\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u5728\u77f3\u6cb9\u548c\u74e6\u65af\u63d0\u7149\u548c\u88fd\u4f5c\u904e\u7a0b\u4e4b\u4e2d\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u77f3\u6cb9\u548c\u74e6\u65af\u516c\u53f8\u4e0d\u9858\u610f\ud840\udd18\u8a8d\uff0c\u4f46\u7532\u70f7\u5728\u88fd\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5916\u6d29\u7387\u975e\u5e38\u4e4b\u9ad8\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5728\u52a0\u5ddeAliso \u5cfd\u8c37\u65bc2015\u81f32016\u5e74\u9593\u7684\u610f\u5916\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5171\u6709190,000 \u516c\u5678\u7684\u5929\u7136\u6c23\u5916\u6d29\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u98c4\u5230\u5927\u6c23\u4e4b\u4e2d\u9577\u90545\u500b\u6708\uff0c\u5c0d\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u9020\u6210\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u97ff\u3002Aliso \u5cfd\u8c37\u5674\u6d29\u7684\u78b3\u8db3\u8de1\uff0c\u54b8\u8a8d\u70ba\u6bd4\u82f1\u570b\u77f3\u6cb9\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u6df1\u6c34\u6cb9\u4e95Deepwater Horizon \u6d29\u6cb9\u81f3\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u7063\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u8981\u4f86\u5f97\u5927\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u4e3b\u8981\u7532\u70f7\u5916\u6d29\u7684\u6e90\u982d\uff0c\u662f\u6578\u5341\u842c\u8a08\u4f5c\u5ee2\u7684\u6cb9\u4e95\u6216\u74e6\u65af\u4e95(\u90a3\u53ea\u662f\u7f8e\u570b\u5883\u5167\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u53ef\u80fd\u9ad8\u9054\u6578\u767e\u842c\u500b)\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5c01\u9589\u4e0d\u826f\uff0c\u5c07\u4e0d\u53d7\u63a7\u5236\u5730\u5916\u6d29\u7532\u70f7\u6c23\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6392\u653e\u4e00\u76f4\u7834\u58de\u8457\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6c23\u5019\uff0c\u6578\u500d\u5feb\u65bc\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u7684\u6392\u653e\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u8655\u7406\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We must immediately stop methane emissions because they are the immediate short-term threat to reaching tipping points, right alongside black carbon emissions, which are intensely contributing to changing the Earth&#8217;s albedo by causing surface darkening with resulting surface heat absorption which in turn leads to accelerated glacier 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Daniel Taillant, \u201cMeltdown, The Earth Without Glaciers,\u201d 2021, Oxford University Press<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2024\/3\/16 Meltdown, The Earth Without Glaciers Damakey<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Meltdown is about melting 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