{"id":37146,"date":"2024-02-19T10:32:00","date_gmt":"2024-02-19T02:32:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/?p=37146"},"modified":"2024-03-27T10:33:32","modified_gmt":"2024-03-27T02:33:32","slug":"37146","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/?p=37146","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

However, given that we are an animal species, history suggests that eventually our species will become extinct, presumably on a timescale comparable to the period during which we have evolved in the past. Our species has lasted a quarter of a million years and our distant ape-like ancestors lived only millions of years ago. If the evolutionary forces remain natural ones in the future, this suggests that, in a similar time, we will have descendants but they will be as different from us as we are from our ancestors. There are those who argue, however, that this transformation of our species and our environment will happen much more quickly, since changes are taking place at an accelerating pace, driven by rising population numbers and increasing technological capability.*<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u65e2\u7136\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u52d5\u7269\uff0c\u4f9d\u7167\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u9019\u500b\u7269\u7a2e\u7d42\u5c07\u6ec5\u7d55\uff0c\u6642\u6a5f\u5728\u672a\u4f86\u5927\u7d04\u76f8\u7576\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u4e00\u8def\u6f14\u5316\u800c\u4f86\u7684\u6642\u9593\u8de8\u5ea6\u3002\u6211\u5011\u9019\u500b\u7269\u7a2e\u5728\u5927\u7d0425\u842c\u5e74\u958b\u59cb\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u800c\u50cf\u733f\u7334\u7684\u7956\u5148\u5247\u662f\u59cb\u65bc\u5e7e\u767e\u842c\u5e74\u524d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6f14\u5316\u4e00\u5982\u65e2\u5f80\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5f80\u672a\u4f86\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u548c\u53e4\u4ee3\u7956\u5148\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u5e45\u5ea6\u5c31\u6703\u9ad4\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u5f8c\u4ee3\u548c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u4e0a\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u5f8c\u4ee3\u548c\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u6703\u767c\u751f\u5f97\u66f4\u5feb\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8b8a\u5316\u6b63\u5728\u52a0\u901f\uff0c\u88ab\u7206\u70b8\u6027\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u7e3d\u6578\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u6280\u8853\u7684\u7a81\u98db\u731b\u9032\u6240\u5f37\u529b\u9a45\u7b56\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The range of possible ways in which humans might self-inflict extinction is wide, including not least:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

*   widespread starvation and thirst due to unfulfilled demands by the increasing human population on agriculture and natural resources;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

*   pandemics like Ebola, influenza and Covid-19, caused by malpractices in animal husbandry and the crossing of viruses and other pathogens from wild animal and bird populations to human beings;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

*   release (accidental or otherwise) of toxic industrial products, such as the CFC chemicals that, until banned from use in refrigerators, depleted the ozone layer when they escaped;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

*   all-out nuclear war; and<\/p>\n\n\n\n

*   anthropogenic generation of carbon dioxide and methane that will, if unchecked, cause damaging global climate change.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4eba\u985e\u81ea\u5c0e\u81ea\u6f14\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u6ec5\u7d55\u6232\u78bc\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u5404\u7a2e\u5404\u985e\uff0c\u8209\u5176\u7296\u7296\u5927\u8005\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u98e2\u9913\u548c\u7f3a\u6c34\u5371\u6a5f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u5de5\u696d\u6709\u6bd2\u6392\u653e\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u5168\u9762\u6838\u5b50\u5927\u6230\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. \u5168\u7403\u6696\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last-mentioned climate catastrophe is widely described as imminent: it is a matter for debate whether we will be able to generate the political will that can make changes on a scale and with a speed to control anthropogenic climate change. It seems certain that the Earth’s atmosphere will not be able to respond enough and quickly enough to mitigate the immediate effects of human activity, although there is some hope in James Lovelock’s Gaia hypothesis that life will, on a longer timescale, be able to adjust the environment to maintain itself (see page 242), although that may not favour humans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u9805\u95dc\u65bc\u5168\u7403\u6696\u5316\u7684\u707d\u96e3\uff0c\u5e38\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u8feb\u5207\u7684\u5371\u6a5f\uff1a\u722d\u8b70\u5728\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u662f\u5426\u6709\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6c7a\u5fc3\uff0c\u63a1\u53d6\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u6c7a\u7b56\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u4f86\u53ca\u6642\u63a7\u5236\u4eba\u70ba\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u5316\u3002\u5730\u7403\u7684\u5927\u6c23\u5c64\u4f3c\u4e4e\u7121\u6cd5\u53ca\u6642\u53cd\u61c9\u4f86\u6e1b\u7de9\u4eba\u985e\u6d3b\u52d5\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u7acb\u5373\u5f71\u97ff\u3002James Lovelock \u7684Gaia hypothesis\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u5728\u5920\u9577\u7684\u6642\u9593\u8de8\u5ea6\u4e2d\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u6703\u81ea\u6211\u8abf\u6574\u4f86\u9069\u61c9\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u7684\u8b8a\u9077\uff0c\u9019\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u5e36\u4f86\u4e9b\u8a31\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u90a3\u4e26\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7136\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u6709\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Our species may thus become extinct rapidly, or at least have its capabilities reduced enough for humans to cease to dominate environmental changes. If so, the present Anthropocene epoch will be quickly over. In retrospect, as viewed by surviving descendants, it will be marked by the significant changes in the landscape that human beings made to favour their own activities like agriculture, mining and transportation, and the control of flowing water.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u5011\u65cf\u985e\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u6b64\u8fc5\u901f\u6ec5\u7d55\uff0c\u6216\u81f3\u5c11\u4f7f\u5f97\u4eba\u985e\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u7e7c\u7e8c\u4e3b\u5bb0\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662f\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u300c\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u300d\u5c07\u8fc5\u901f\u7d50\u675f\u3002\u6211\u5011\u82df\u5ef6\u6b98\u5598\u7684\u5f8c\u4ee3\u56de\u9867\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u300c\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u300d\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u662f\uff0c\u5730\u666f\u7684\u5927\u5e45\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u70ba\u4e86\u4e00\u5df1\u4e4b\u79c1\uff0c\u6240\u5f9e\u4e8b\u7684\u8fb2\u696d\u3001\u7926\u696d\u3001\u904b\u8f38\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u6c34\u6d41\u7b49\u7b49\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u6240\u4e00\u624b\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Additional changes will have been made by the unexpected consequences of human activity, such as alterations of the coastline that will have shrunk the area of dry land as a result of the rise of sea level, itself the result of the increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u4e5f\u9020\u6210\u610f\u6599\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u8af8\u5982\u6d77\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u5347\u6df9\u6c92\u6d77\u908a\u571f\u5730\u6539\u8b8a\u7684\u6d77\u5cb8\u7dda\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5927\u6c27\u4e2d\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u7684\u6fc3\u5ea6\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The geological characteristics of the epoch will include rather thin but distinctive layers in the Earth’s geological record. The strata associated with the Anthropocene will comprise human-made scrap, such as building rubble, worked metal and long- \uff07lasting plastic. Other components of the strata will include carbon ash from energy generation from fossil fuel, radioactive elements from nuclear bomb tests and the waste and accidental discharges from nuclear energy generation and from medicine, and, eventually, the decay products of plastic, both in localized earth-based deposits and in more widely dispersed, thin layers in sedimentary deposits at the bottom of the ocean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u300c\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u300d\u7684\u5730\u8cea\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u5f88\u7279\u5225\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5730\u7403\u5730\u7406\u8a18\u9304\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u76f8\u5c0d\u8f03\u8584\u7684\u5730\u5c64\u3002\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5730\u5c64\uff0c\u7531\u4eba\u9020\u7684\u6771\u897f\u6240\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u5efa\u7bc9\u5ee2\u68c4\u7269\u3001\u7528\u904e\u7684\u91d1\u5c6c\u5668\u548c\u9577\u671f\u4e0d\u8150\u7684\u5851\u81a0\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u9084\u5305\u62ec\u77f3\u5316\u71c3\u6599\u7522\u751f\u7684\u78b3\u7070\u3001\u6838\u5f48\u8a66\u7206\u7684\u8f3b\u5c04\u9e88\u3001\u6838\u80fd\u767c\u96fb\u548c\u91ab\u7642\u610f\u5916\u6d29\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u5ee2\u68c4\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u6700\u7d42\u662f\u9084\u5728\u964d\u89e3\u4e4b\u4e2d\u7684\u5851\u81a0\u7522\u54c1\uff0c\u65e2\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u63a9\u57cb\u5834\uff0c\u4e5f\u66f4\u5ee3\u6cdb\u5730\u5206\u4f48\u5728\u6d77\u5e95\u8584\u8584\u7684\u6c88\u7a4d\u5c64\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If we represent the biography of the Universe as a timeline that is as long as all the writing in this book, strung out into a single row, the Earth was born somewhere in the middle of the words of Chapter 7. Homo sapiens occupies the book’s last word or two, and human civilization less than the width of the last letter. Your lifetime, as part of that cosmic history up to the present moment, is represented by a small fraction of the last full stop.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u628a\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u6b74\u53f2\u6bd4\u64ec\u70ba\u9019\u672c\u66f8(\u6309\uff1a\u5171288\u5167\u9801\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u66f8)\uff0c\u5730\u7403\u8a95\u751f\u5728\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u4e2d\u9593(\u6309\uff1a\u7d04\u7b2c150\u9801)\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u53ea\u4f54\u64da\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u6700\u5f8c\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u6216\u4e8c\u500b\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u6bcd\u3002\u4f60\u7684\u751f\u547d\u9577\u5ea6\uff0c\u6bd4\u8d77\u5b87\u5b99\u5f9e\u958b\u5929\u95e2\u5730\u81f3\u4eca\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u672c\u66f8\u6700\u5f8c\u7684\u90a3\u500b\u53e5\u9ede\u5f88\u6e3a\u5c0f\u5f88\u6e3a\u5c0f\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u800c\u5df2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

**\uff1aPaul Murdin,\u201dThe Universe, A Biography,\u201d 2022, Thames & Hudson Ttd, London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P.S. \u76f8\u7247\u662f2024\/2\/10 \u6240\u651d\uff0c\u98db\u5165\u65b0\u5317\u6c50\u6b62\u6c11\u5bb6\u5167\u7684\u6606\u87f2\uff0c\u5c6c\u300c\u64ec\u91d1\u82b1\u87f2\u4e9e\u79d1 Lagriinae\u300d\u3002\u64da\u8aaa\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4eba\u985e\u672a\u4f86\u7ce7\u98df\u56b4\u91cd\u7f3a\u4e4f\uff0c\u50cf\u64ec\u91d1\u82b1\u87f2\u9019\u7a2e\u6606\u87f2\u985e\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u98df\u7269\u4f86\u6e90\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u611f\u5230\u60f3\u5410\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u6771\u5357\u4e9e\u5c31\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u7fd2\u65bc\u5403\u6606\u87f2\u5462\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2024\/2\/19 Your lifetime is a small fraction of the last full stop of a book Damakey #\u64ec\u91d1\u82b1\u87f2\u4e9e\u79d1 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

However, given that we are an …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37146","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-3"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37146","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=37146"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37146\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37148,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37146\/revisions\/37148"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=37146"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=37146"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=37146"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}