{"id":37117,"date":"2024-02-06T10:08:00","date_gmt":"2024-02-06T02:08:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/?p=37117"},"modified":"2024-03-27T10:15:09","modified_gmt":"2024-03-27T02:15:09","slug":"amur-falcon-%e9%98%bf%e7%a9%86%e7%88%be%e9%9a%bc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/?p=37117","title":{"rendered":"Amur falcon \u963f\u7a46\u723e\u96bc"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"440\" height=\"660\" src=\"https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-9.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-37118\" style=\"width:537px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-9.jpg 440w, https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-9-200x300.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 440px) 100vw, 440px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"440\" height=\"660\" src=\"https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-10.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-37119\" style=\"width:537px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-10.jpg 440w, https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-10-200x300.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 440px) 100vw, 440px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The Amur falcon is a slim, dove-sized little raptor, slightly bigger than an American kestrel. The males are gray\u2014darker above, paler below, with elegantly contrasting white wing linings and a splash of bright rufous on the thighs and undertail coverts. The females and juveniles are very different, their white undersides barred with black and lightly washed with buff on the chest, the face distinctly &#8220;mustached&#8221; after the fashion of most falcons. All ages and sexes have bright carmine legs and feet, and the Amur was long lumped with the very similar red-footed falcon of western and central Eurasia. Amur falcons, however, breed in woody margins and the edges of savannahs from eastern China and North Korea to parts of Siberia and Mongolia-an area one-third the size of the contiguous United States, and from which they make one of the longest migrations of any raptor in the world, some 8,000 miles one way to southern Africa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u963f\u7a46\u723e\u96bc\u662f\u8eab\u6750\u7e96\u7d30\u6709\u82e5\u9d3f\u5b50\u822c\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u731b\u79bd\uff0c\u9ad4\u578b\u6bd4\u7f8e\u570b\u96bc\u5927\u4e00\u9ede\u3002\u96c4\u96bc\u662f\u7070\u8272\u7684\uff0c\u8eab\u9ad4\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u984f\u8272\u6df1\u4e00\u9ede\u800c\u4e0b\u534a\u90e8\u8272\u984f\u8272\u5247\u6de1\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u817f\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u9053\u4eae\u7d05\u8910\u8272\u7684\u7fbd\u6bdb\uff0c\u5c3e\u4e0b\u8986\u7fbd\u984f\u8272\u4ea6\u540c\u3002\u96cc\u96bc\u548c\u672a\u6210\u5e74\u96bc\u5247\u5f88\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u767d\u8272\u7684\u8179\u7fbd\u6709\u689d\u72c0\u9ed1\u8272\u6591\u7d0b\uff0c\u80f8\u969b\u6709\u6de1\u6de1\u7684\u7c73\u8272\u5237\u904e\uff0c\u81c9\u4e0a\u660e\u986f\u597d\u50cf\u9577\u4e86\u9b1a\u7fbd\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u96bc\u90fd\u4ff1\u6709\u7684\u7279\u8272\u3002\u4e0d\u8ad6\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5e74\u9f61\u6216\u6027\u5225\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u80ed\u8102\u7d05\u7684\u817f\u548c\u8173\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u963f\u7a46\u723e\u96bc\u5e38\u5e38\u8207\u897f\u90e8\u548c\u4e2d\u90e8\u6b50\u4e9e\u5730\u5340\u6709\u7d05\u8272\u8173\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u96bc\u6df7\u70ba\u4e00\u8ac7\u3002\u800c\u5176\u5be6\uff0c\u963f\u7a46\u723e\u96bc\u7e41\u6b96\u65bc\u6797\u7de3\u548c\u7a00\u6a39\u8349\u539f\uff0c\u5206\u4f48\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u3001\u5317\u97d3\u5230\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9e\u548c\u8499\u53e4\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u7bc4\u570d\u5927\u7d04\u662f\u7f8e\u570b\u6574\u500b\u9762\u7a4d\u7684\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5f9e\u90a3\ud855\ude83\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u9032\u884c\u5168\u7403\u6240\u6709\u731b\u79bd\u4e2d\u6700\u6f2b\u9577\u7684\u8d8a\u51ac\u9077\u5f99\uff0c\u9577\u90548000\u82f1\u91cc(\u7d0412,874\u516c\u91cc)\uff0c\u4e00\u8def\u98db\uff0c\u98db\u5230\u975e\u6d32\u7684\u5357\u90e8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some of the other migrants passing through eastern India take the most direct path, obstacles be damned. As we&#8217;ve seen, bar-headed geese fly at nosebleed altitudes of more than four and a half miles through the Himalayas en route to southern India, and ruddy shelducks taking the same path-the highest migratory route in the world\u2014have been tracked at only slightly lower altitudes.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6709\u4e9b\u901a\u904e\u6771\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u5019\u9ce5\uff0c\u76e1\u53ef\u80fd\u63a1\u53d6\u7684\u662f\u76f4\u7dda\u98db\u884c\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u8d8a\u904e\u8a5b\u5492\u7684\u969c\u7919\u3002\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6591\u982d\u96c1\u98db\u5230\u6703\u6d41\u9f3b\u8840\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\uff0c\u9ad8\u65bc4.5\u82f1\u91cc(7.2\u516c\u91cc)\uff0c\u4f86\u8d8a\u904e\u559c\u99ac\u62c9\u96c5\u5c71\u8108\u5230\u6771\u5370\u5ea6\u3002\u7006\u9ce7(\u8d64\u9ebb\u9d28)\u4e5f\u662f\u63a1\u53d6\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u98db\u884c\uff0c\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6d77\u62d4\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u8def\u7dda\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6d77\u62d4\u6bd4\u524d\u8ff0\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4f4e\u4e00\u9ede\u9ede\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u88ab\u5075\u6e2c\u904e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The falcons avoid this frigid, oxygen-starved approach by swinging east and south, skirting the edge of the Tibetan Plateau through the lower hills of southeastern China, northern Vietnam, and Laos, then turning northwest through Myanmar and into this finger of India.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u963f\u7a46\u723e\u96bc\u5247\u662f\u907f\u958b\u4e86\u51b0\u51cd\u3001\u7f3a\u6c27\u7684\u8def\u7dda\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u98db\u5f80\u504f\u6771\u548c\u504f\u5357\u7d04\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u5f9e\u9752\u5eb7\u85cf\u9ad8\u539f\u6771\u5357\u5074\u6bd4\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u4e2d\u570b\u5c71\u5340\u7e5e\u904e\uff0c\u7d93\u5317\u8d8a\u3001\u5bee\u570b\uff0c\u8f49\u897f\u5317\u7a7f\u904e\u7dec\u7538\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u9032\u5165\u5370\u5ea6\u5411\u6771\u51f8\u6307\u904e\u4f86\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But having avoided one record-setting migratory trial, they face another even more daunting, for after leaving India they make the greatest over-water crossing of any bird of prey, traversing as much as 2,400 miles across the Indian Ocean to Africa. The hot-air thermals and deflection currents that assist migrating raptors over land, allowing them to soar for hours and save energy, are largely absent over the ocean, meaning that the falcons must beat their wings continuously on their transoceanic trip, which may take them four or five days. If they&#8217;re to survive, it&#8217;s absolutely critical that they top off their tanks before they leave land.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u907f\u958b\u5275\u7d00\u9304\u822c\u7684\u56f0\u96e3\u9077\u5f99\u8def\u7dda\u7684\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u537b\u5fc5\u9808\u9762\u5c0d\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u5bd2\u800c\u6144\u7684\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u5728\u96e2\u958b\u5370\u5ea6\u5927\u9678\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u98db\u8d8a\u6240\u6709\u63a0\u98df\u6027\u9ce5\u985e\u7d93\u6b77\u6700\u9577\u9060\u7684\u6c34\u8def\uff0c\u5728\u6d77\u4e0a\u98db2,400\u82f1\u91cc(\u7d043,862\u516c\u91cc)\uff0c\u7a7f\u904e\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u6d77\u5230\u9054\u975e\u6d32\u3002\u5728\u9678\u5730\u4e0a\uff0c\u6709\u4e0a\u6607\u7684\u71b1\u7a7a\u6c23\u53ca\u504f\u5411\u7684\u6c23\u6d41\uff0c\u4f9b\u5019\u9ce5\u501f\u529b\u4f7f\u529b\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u6d77\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u96bc\u9ce5\u53ea\u80fd\u9760\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u62fc\u547d\u9f13\u52d5\u7fc5\u8180\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5fc5\u9808\u6301\u7e8c4\u62165\u5929\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u751f\u5b58\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u5728\u5553\u7a0b\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u52a0\u6eff\u6cb9(\u5132\u5099\u8db3\u5920\u80fd\u91cf)\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And so in late October and early November, the migrant falcons pause for some weeks in Nagaland. At this same time of year, just after the monsoon, there is a great stirring underground as countless subterranean termite colonies prepare for the mating season. These termites make no above-ground mounds, like those in other parts of Asia or Africa, but live out of sight most of the year. In autumn, though, worker termites chew tunnels to the surface, out of which emerge trillions of winged, inch-long fertile adults known as alates, which rise into the sky in vast mating flights, the air twinkling as sunlight flashes off their transparent wings. The fat-rich termites are the perfect food for an insectivorous falcon about to risk an ocean crossing, and the Amurs gorge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u572810\u6708\u5e95\u523011\u6708\u521d\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u963f\u7a46\u723e\u96bc\u6703\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u6771\u5317\u908a\u81e8\u63a5\u7dec\u7538\u7684\u90a3\u52a0\u862d\u5730\u5340\u505c\u7559\u5e7e\u500b\u661f\u671f\u3002\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u96e8\u5b63\u525b\u525b\u7d50\u675f\uff0c\u5730\u5e95\u4e0b\u7684\u571f\u68f2\u6027\u767d\u87fb\u6e96\u5099\u4ea4\u914d\u800c\u9a37\u52d5\u4e86\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u767d\u87fb\u4e0d\u6703\u50cf\u4e9e\u6d32\u548c\u975e\u6d32\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u767d\u87fb\u628a\u87fb\u585c\u5efa\u5728\u5730\u4e0a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u5e74\u5230\u982d\u5e7e\u4e4e\u4e0d\u898b\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u8e64\u5f71\u3002\u5728\u79cb\u5929\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5de5\u87fb\u54ac\u51fa\u524d\u5f80\u5730\u8868\u7684\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u98db\u51fa\u773e\u591a\u9577\u51fa\u7fc5\u8180\u7684\u767d\u87fb\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7d04\u83ab\u4e00\u540b\u9577\u6709\u7e41\u6b96\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u6210\u87fb\u53eb\u505a\u7fc5\u87fb\uff0c\u6607\u5230\u7a7a\u4e2d\u9032\u884c\u4ea4\u914d\u4e4b\u65c5\uff0c\u800c\u5b83\u5011\u6b63\u662f\u5403\u6606\u87f2\u7684\u96bc\u9ce5\uff0c\u5728\u5192\u96aa\u98db\u8d8a\u6df1\u6d0b\u4e4b\u524d\u88dc\u5145\u80fd\u91cf\u6700\u597d\u7684\u98df\u7269\u3002\u98db\u5230\u90a3\u52a0\u862d\u7684\u963f\u7a46\u723e\u96bc\uff0c\u83ab\u4e0d\u5927\u584a\u6736\u9824\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2026\u2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8b80\u5230\u9019\ud855\ude83\uff0c\u9577\u8a71\u77ed\u8aaa\uff0c\u963f\u7a46\u723e\u96bc\u7684\u5982\u610f\u7b97\u76e4\uff0c\u537b\u66fe\u56e0\u70ba\u7576\u5730\u4eba\u7684\u6feb\u6bba\uff0c\u800c\u9762\u5c0d\u6ec5\u7d55\u7684\u547d\u904b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u90a3\u52a0\u862d\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u6771\u5317\u908a\uff0c\u548c\u7dec\u7538\u63a5\u58e4\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4eba\u7a2e\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u85cf\u4eba\u548c\u7dec\u7538\u4eba\u6df7\u8840\u7684\u5f8c\u88d4\uff0c\u81ea\u7a31\u662f\u300c\u9f8d\u65cf\u300d\u3002\u90a3\u52a0\u4eba\u7684\u300cN\u0101g\u0101\u300d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u9f8d\u300d\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u51fa\u4e86\u540d\u7684\u7375\u4eba\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u524d\u5f8c\uff0c\u90fd\u9084\u6709\u7375\u4eba\u982d\u7684\u7fd2\u4fd7\u3002\u66fe\u5f37\u529b\u53cd\u6297\u82f1\u570b\u5c0d\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u7d71\u6cbb\uff0c\u800c\u906d\u5230\u7121\u60c5\u7684\u6e05\u6d17\u3002\u800c\u56e0\u7de3\u969b\u6703\u5728\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u7684\u82e6\u5fc3\u7d93\u71df\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u90a3\u52a0\u862d\u90a6\u6210\u70ba\u5370\u5ea6\u4ee5\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5f92\u70ba\u4e3b\u7684\u4e09\u500b\u90a6\u4e4b\u4e00(\u53e6\u5916\u5169\u500b\u5247\u662f\u5176\u897f\u908a\u7684\u6885\u52a0\u62c9\u4e9e\u90a6\u548c\u5357\u908a\u7684\u7c73\u4f50\u62c9\u59c6\u90a6)\uff0c\u670990%\u7684\u4eba\u4fe1\u5949\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u70ba\u5730\u8655\u504f\u9060\u53c8\u6975\u70ba\u8ca7\u7aae\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7576\u90a3\u52a0\u862d\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u5728\u767c\u73fe\u6bcf\u5e74\u6709\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u842c\u7684\u96bc\u9ce5\u5149\u81e8\uff0c\u5c31\u81ea\u7136\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6069\u8cdc\u7d66\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u98df\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u4e88\u4ee5\u5927\u91cf\u7375\u6bba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c0d\u963f\u7a46\u723e\u96bc\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u90a3\u52a0\u862d\u5145\u6c9b\u7684\u9577\u7fc5\u767d\u87fb\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5b83\u5011\u70ba\u4e86\u98db\u8d8a\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u6d77\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u98df\u7269\uff0c\u505c\u7559\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\u7684\u5e7e\u500b\u661f\u671f\uff0c\u5728\u77ed\u6642\u9593\u5167\u88ab\u5927\u91cf\u7375\u6bba\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u5b75\u80b2\u53ef\u4ee5\u88dc\u5145\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u5c07\u9677\u963f\u7a46\u723e\u96bc\u65bc\u6ec5\u7d55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u90a3\u52a0\u862d\u7684\u4fdd\u80b2\u5947\u8e5f\uff0c\u5728\u65bc\u6751\u6c11\u65bc\u77e5\u9053\u9019\u7a2e\u7375\u6bba\u5c0d\u963f\u7a46\u723e\u96bc\u662f\u7121\u4ee5\u70ba\u7e7c\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5c45\u7136\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u8f49\u8eab\u99ac\u4e0a\u8b8a\u6210\u4fdd\u80b2\u7684\u9b25\u58eb\u3002\u9019\u5f88\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4e00\u96bb\u96bc\u9ce5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ce3\u523025\u76e7\u6bd4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f30\u8a08\u6bcf\u5e74\u88ab\u6bba\u7684\u96bc\u9ce5\u670914\u842c\u96bb(\u9019\u662f\u4f4e\u4f30\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9019\u500b\u597d\u5e7e\u500d)\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u7d04\u7576\u662f3.5\u842c\u76e7\u6bd4(\u7f8e\u91d15.6\u842c\u5143)\uff0c\u5c0d\u4e00\u500b\u8d64\u8ca7\u7684\u6751\u843d\uff0c\u9019\u7d55\u5c0d\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u4e00\u7b46\u6536\u5165\u548c\u8a98\u60d1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u90a3\u52a0\u862d\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\uff0c\u8f49\u5bc4\u671b\u65bc\u672a\u4f86\u53ef\u4ee5\u5438\u5f15\u89c0\u9ce5\u7684\u4eba\u6f6e\uff0c\u5e36\u4f86\u6536\u5165\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u5730\u5340\u975e\u5e38\u504f\u9060\uff0c\u96e8\u5b63\u7d93\u5e38\u6c96\u65b7\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u800c\u5f80\u5f80\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u7528\u63a8\u571f\u6a5f\u63a8\u958b\u571f\u77f3\u6d41\u8b93\u6ce5\u8def\u52c9\u5f37\u7d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Weidensaul, \u201cA World on the wind,\u201d 2021, W. W. Norton &amp; Company, Inc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P.S. \u76f8\u7247\u4f86\u81ea\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff0c\u96c4\u96bc\u548c\u96cc\u96bc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2024\/2\/6 Amur falcon \u963f\u7a46\u723e\u96bc Damakey<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Amur falcon is a slim, dov&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37117","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-3"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37117","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=37117"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37117\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37124,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37117\/revisions\/37124"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=37117"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=37117"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=37117"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}