{"id":36611,"date":"2023-08-21T15:21:00","date_gmt":"2023-08-21T07:21:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/?p=36611"},"modified":"2023-09-26T16:24:06","modified_gmt":"2023-09-26T08:24:06","slug":"remembering-lions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/?p=36611","title":{"rendered":"Remembering Lions"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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\u201c\u2026their range continues to shrink rapidly and is now confined to just sub-Saharan Africa and a small, isolated pocket in the Gir Forest in India. This particular Asiatic community \u2014 of around 650 animals including cubs \u2014 confined, in-bred and with no-where to go, is both poignantly and pointedly symbolic of the future lions in Africa might also face\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(\u7345\u5b50)\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u5728\u975e\u6d32\u5df2\u7d93\u9650\u7e2e\u81f3\u6492\u54c8\u62c9\u6c99\u6f20\u4ee5\u5357\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e9e\u6d32\u5247\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u5409\u723e\u68ee\u6797\u4fdd\u8b77\u5340\u5c11\u5c11\u7684650\u982d\u4e9e\u6d32\u7345\uff0c\u82e6\u65bc\u8fd1\u89aa\u7e41\u6b96\u800c\u4e14\u7121\u8655\u53ef\u53bb\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u975e\u6d32\u7345\u5b50\u672a\u4f86\u4ee4\u4eba\u50b7\u5fc3\u6b32\u7d55\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\u5beb\u7167\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c..it is extremely difficult for anyone to know how many lions there really are left in the wild. \u2026It is incredibly challenging for censuses to give accurate numbers\u2026The most widely accepted figure is an estimated 20,000 lions left \u2014 substantially less than the estimated 30,000 rhinos and 400,000 elephants \u2014 which shocks many\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5f88\u96e3\u78ba\u77e5\u5728\u91ce\u5916\u73fe\u5728\u9084\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u982d\u7345\u5b50\u3002\u6839\u64da\u6bd4\u8f03\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u4f30\u8a08\u6578\u5b57\uff0c\u7d04\u5171\u670920,000\u982d\uff0c\u6bd4\u7280\u725b\u768430,000\u982d\u548c\u5927\u8c61\u7684400,000\u982d\u90fd\u8981\u5c11\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u591a\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u5341\u5206\u9707\u9a5a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe truth is, that is estimated ten times more lions are now killed every year through conflict with humans than through hunting. With most half of Africa\u2019s remaining lion range falling outside of protected areas, habitat loss is actually the biggest threat facing lions\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(\u5a1b\u6a02\u7684\u72e9\u7375\uff0c\u56fa\u7136\u6e1b\u5c11\u4e86\u7345\u5b50\u7684\u6578\u91cf\uff0c)\u800c\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u7bc4\u570d\u6709\u885d\u7a81\u800c\u88ab\u6bba\u7684\u7345\u5b50\u6578\u91cf\uff0c\u5247\u5341\u500d\u65bc\u56e0\u70ba\u5a1b\u6a02\u72e9\u7375\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u3002\u6709\u7345\u5b50\u7684\u5340\u57df\uff0c\u6cf0\u534a\u5728\u4fdd\u8b77\u5340\u4e4b\u5916\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u9020\u6210\u7684\u68f2\u606f\u5730\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u7345\u5b50\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5a01\u8105\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe problem of the lion is that it needs large tracts of real estate and water, the same things that man covets. Lion are not alone in being under siege. Cats large and small are threatened by the burgeoning human population leading to loss of habitat and natural prey, increasingly bringing them into conflict with humans and livestock.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7345\u5b50\u9700\u8981\u5927\u7247\u7684\u571f\u5730\u53ca\u5145\u8db3\u7684\u6c34\u6e90\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u7345\u5b50\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u9762\u81e8\u751f\u5b58\u56f0\u5883\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u8c93\u79d1\u4e4b\u4e2d\u5927\u5927\u5c0f\u5c0f\u7684\u52d5\u7269\uff0c\u90fd\u53d7\u5230\u4eba\u985e\u4eba\u53e3\u6210\u9577\u4fb5\u4f54\u68f2\u5730\u53ca\u7375\u7269\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u53ca\u7272\u53e3\u7684\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\u65e5\u6f38\u52a0\u907d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cLions are unique among cats in that they are social and live in groups called prides. At the heart of pride are several generations of female and their cubs, accompany by fewer, unrelated breeding males\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u8c93\u79d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u7345\u5b50\u5f88\u7279\u5225\u662f\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u7345\u7fa4\u7684\u7dca\u5bc6\u793e\u4ea4\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u7345\u7fa4\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u5e7e\u4ee3\u7684\u6bcd\u7345\u548c\u5979\u5011\u7e41\u884d\u7684\u5f8c\u4ee3\u6240\u7d44\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5076\u6709\u5c11\u6578\u6c92\u6709\u8840\u7de3\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u96c4\u7345\u6df7\u96dc\u5176\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cSuccess in life for both sexes depends on forming close bonds with one another. Two or three adult males usually accompany a pride and are often related, though single males will try to join forces with non-relatives during the nomadic phase of life\u2026Females on the other hand will try to stay their natal pride for life, but with food and den sites at a premium, groups of younger females are sometimes forced to find a territory of their own.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7345\u5b50\u4e0d\u7ba1\u96cc\u96c4\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u5efa\u7acb\u7dca\u5bc6\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u5728\u7345\u7fa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6709\u4e8c\u3001\u4e09\u982d\u96c4\u7345\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5b83\u5011\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u6709\u8840\u7de3\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u9077\u5f99\u671f\uff0c\u55ae\u8eab\u7684\u96c4\u7345\u6703\u96e2\u7fa4\u53bb\u52a0\u5165\u6c92\u6709\u8840\u7de3\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u7345\u7fa4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u81f3\u65bc\u6bcd\u7345\uff0c\u6703\u5118\u91cf\u4e00\u76f4\u5f85\u5728\u6bcd\u7cfb\u7684\u7345\u7fa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u7576\u98df\u7269\u6216\u7345\u7aa9\u5730\u9ede\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u5e74\u8f15\u7684\u6bcd\u7345\u624d\u6703\u96e2\u7fa4\u53e6\u8993\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u6210\u7acb\u65b0\u7684\u7345\u7fa4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cA female lion has her first little of cubs by around four years of age, breeding for the majority of her life. Gestation is around 110 days\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6bcd\u7345\u5728\u56db\u6b72\u5927\u6642\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u958b\u59cb\u751f\u7b2c\u4e00\u80ce\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u4e00\u8f29\u5b50\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u65b7\u751f\u80b2\u3002\u598a\u5a20\u61f7\u80ce\u671f\uff0c\u5927\u7d04\u662f110\u5929\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cA lion cub is born completely helpless and blind\u2026mortality is high(up to 50 per cent) \u2026due to starvation and threats such as hyenas through buffalos.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5c0f\u7345\u5b50\u51fa\u751f\u6642\u662f\u5168\u76f2\u7684\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u9700\u8981\u6bcd\u7345\u7684\u7167\u6599\u3002\u5c0f\u7345\u5b50\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u9ad8\u65bc\u767e\u5206\u4e4b50\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u6b7b\u65bc\u98e2\u9913\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5c0f\u81ea\u9b23\u72d7\u5927\u81f3\u6c34\u725b\u7684\u5a01\u8105\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cKilling of cubs by new males \u2014 known as infanticide \u2014 is another major concern\u2026Mothers do everything within their power however to protect their cribs, at times risking their lives\u2026Females will often mated with more than one male within their pride to ensure that all the pride males accept the cubs as their own\u2026Females are in estrus for four to five days, during which they mate with pride males every 10 to 30 minutes \u2014 up to 100 times a day \u2014 it is exhausting. Mating is fierce, primal and painful for the lioness, though this doesn\u2019t seem to stop her.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u65b0\u5165\u4e3b\u7345\u7fa4\u7684\u96c4\u7345\uff0c\u6703\u6bba\u6b7b\u539f\u4f86\u5176\u4ed6\u96c4\u7345\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u5f8c\u4ee3\u5c0f\u7345\u5b50\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u6bcd\u7345\u6703\u50be\u76e1\u5168\u529b\u4fdd\u8b77\u5c0f\u7345\u5b50\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u9084\u5192\u8457\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5371\u96aa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6bcd\u7345\u6703\u523b\u610f\u8ddf\u4e0d\u53ea\u4e00\u96bb\u96c4\u7345\u4ea4\u914d\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5f04\u4e0d\u6df8\u695a\u7684\u96c4\u7345\u5011\u5c31\u6703\u628a\u751f\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u5c0f\u7345\u5b50\u8996\u540c\u5df1\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6bcd\u7345\u7684\u767c\u60c5\u671f\u7d044\u52305\u5929\uff0c\u6703\u548c\u7345\u7fa4\u5167\u7684\u96c4\u7345\u4ea4\u914d\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b2110\u523030\u5206\u9418\uff0c\u6bcf\u5929\u9ad8\u9054100\u6b21\uff0c\u662f\u5f88\u7d2f\u7684\u3002\u4ea4\u914d\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u5c0d\u6bcd\u7345\u800c\u8a00\u662f\u6fc0\u70c8\u3001\u539f\u59cb\u800c\u4e14\u75db\u82e6\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5979\u4e26\u4e0d\u56e0\u6b64\u800c\u6709\u7d72\u6beb\u7684\u9000\u537b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u2026By two months of age, cubs will have tasted meat and at three to four months they are regularly brought to kills. At six or seven months they are fully weaned and at 11 months may contribute to hunts\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2\u500b\u6708\u5927\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5c0f\u7345\u5b50\u6703\u958b\u59cb\u5690\u5230\u8089\u7684\u5473\u9053\uff0c\u800c\u5230\u4e863\u52304\u500b\u6708\u5927\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u6703\u88ab\u5e36\u5230\u7375\u7269\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u30026\u62167\u500b\u6708\u5927\u7684\u6642\u5019\u65b7\u5976\uff0c\u800c\u5f9e11\u6708\u5927\u5b83\u5011\u5c31\u958b\u59cb\u53c3\u8207\u72e9\u7375\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u2026Females initiate most hunts, but males\u2026are often most crucial when a pride tackle larger prey\u2026However the key role of a male is to protect the pride by roaring, scent marking and patrolling to deter intruders.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5927\u591a\u7684\u72e9\u7375\u662f\u6bcd\u7345\u6240\u767c\u52d5\u7684\uff0c\u96c4\u7345\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u78b0\u5230\u8f03\u5927\u7684\u7375\u7269\u6642\u624d\u6703\u53c3\u8207\u3002\u96c4\u7345\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u4efb\u52d9\u662f\u4fdd\u8b77\u7345\u7fa4\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u767c\u51fa\u8b66\u544a\u610f\u5473\u7684\u5486\u54ee\u3001\u5728\u52e2\u529b\u7bc4\u570d\u7559\u4e0b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6c23\u5473\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u9818\u57df\u5167\u5de1\u8996\u7136\u5f8c\u963b\u6b62\u4efb\u4f55\u5165\u4fb5\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cSub-adult males are forced out of their natal pride at two to three years of age to prevent in-breeding\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u516c\u7684\u7345\u5b50\u5728\u6210\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u76842\u81f33\u6b72\uff0c\u6703\u88ab\u8feb\u96e2\u958b\u6bcd\u7cfb\u7684\u7345\u7fa4\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u7fa4\u5167\u7684\u8fd1\u89aa\u7e41\u6b96\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u2026Most male lions eventually die a lonely and violent death, killed or injured in fights over territory, with 14 years being deemed a long life. Protected by the pride, lionesses  however, can live up to 18 years.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u96c4\u7345\u90fd\u5b64\u7368\u5730\u6158\u6b7b\uff0c\u6b7b\u50b7\u65bc\u722d\u596a\u9818\u5730\u7684\u722d\u9b25\uff0c\u80fd\u6d3b\u523014\u6b72\u5c31\u7b97\u662f\u9ad8\u58fd\u7684\u4e86\u3002\u800c\u6bcd\u7345\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u6d3b\u5728\u7345\u7fa4\u7684\u4fdd\u8b77\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d3b\u5230\u9ad8\u905418\u6b72\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI spent time within rural villages and started to recognize the true cost of living along with big cats. I hated seeing the desperation in someone\u2019s eyes after a lion had killed one of their few cattle,\u2026It was terrible hearing the grief and desolation from people whose relatives had been killed by lions while doing nothing more than walking home through the bush\u2026Conservation was largely seen as something alien, exclusive and imposed by rich outsiders\u2026it seemed impossible that with Africa\u2019s rapidly growing human populations, there would be any long-term conservation without true buy-in from people living alongside big cats.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u82b1\u5f88\u591a\u6642\u9593\u5f85\u5728\u5730\u65b9\u4e0a\u7684\u6751\u843d\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u958b\u59cb\u660e\u767d\u4f4f\u5728\u7345\u5b50\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u4ee3\u50f9\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u9858\u610f\u898b\u5230\uff0c\u5c0d\u6751\u6c11\u6975\u70ba\u73cd\u8cb4\u7684\u7272\u53e3\u88ab\u7345\u5b50\u7375\u6bba\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u6240\u9732\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u7d55\u671b\u8868\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u5c0d\u7576\u5730\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f35\u4fdd\u80b2\u7345\u5b50\u7684\u6709\u82e5\u5916\u661f\u4eba\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u6709\u9322\u7684\u5c40\u5916\u4eba\u767c\u8d77\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u3002\u5728\u975e\u6d32\u4eba\u53e3\u6025\u901f\u589e\u9577\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7576\u5730\u8ddf\u7345\u5b50\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u7345\u5b50\u7684\u4fdd\u80b2\u89c0\u5ff5\u4e0d\u8a8d\u540c\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u9577\u671f\u7684\u4fdd\u80b2\u6d3b\u52d5\u7d42\u5c07\u7121\u6cd5\u843d\u5730\u751f\u6839\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u2026I see the future of Africa\u2019s humanity, an increasing affluent and urbanized one, in which people abandoned remote and often impoverished rural areas to seek better prospects for themselves and their children in cities. Elsewhere around the globe, rural depopulation and the nature-loving constituency that emerges in urban populations has created space for the recovery of wildness and the large carnivores that rely on it\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(\u5f9e\u9019\u5f35\u7345\u5b50\u770b\u8457\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u7167\u7247\uff0c)\u6211\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u6148\u60b2\u5728\u975e\u6d32\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9010\u6f38\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u5bcc\u88d5\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u7d1b\u7d1b\u96e2\u958b\u504f\u9060\u8ca7\u7aae\u7684\u9109\u4e0b\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4f4f\u5230\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u88cf\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u5b69\u5b50\u8b00\u6c42\u4e00\u500b\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5f9e\u4e16\u754c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u5148\u524d\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u9109\u4e0b\u4eba\u53e3\u6e1b\u5c11\u800c\u57ce\u5e02\u4e2d\u62b1\u6301\u611b\u81ea\u7136\u60f3\u6cd5\u7684\u4eba\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5c07\u6703\u70ba\u91ce\u5916\u7684\u751f\u7269\u7684\u5fa9\u5143\u548c\u7e41\ud85d\udde0\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u7d42\u4e5f\u6703\u6709\u76ca\u65bc\u4f9d\u8cf4\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u751f\u614b\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u5927\u578b\u8089\u98df\u52d5\u7269\u2026..<\/p>\n\n\n\n

*\uff1aEditor: Lorna Dockerill,\u201dRemembering Lions,\u201d2021, Remembering Wildlife Ltd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2023\/8\/21 Remembering Lions Damakey<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u201c\u2026their range continues to shr…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36611","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-3"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36611","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=36611"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36611\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36613,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36611\/revisions\/36613"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=36611"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=36611"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=36611"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}