{"id":36580,"date":"2023-08-16T15:42:00","date_gmt":"2023-08-16T07:42:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/?p=36580"},"modified":"2023-09-26T15:51:51","modified_gmt":"2023-09-26T07:51:51","slug":"36580","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/?p=36580","title":{"rendered":"ORCA"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"901\" src=\"https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/IMG_8405-1024x901.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-36581\" srcset=\"https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/IMG_8405-1024x901.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/IMG_8405-300x264.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/IMG_8405-768x676.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/IMG_8405-1170x1030.jpeg 1170w, https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/IMG_8405-585x515.jpeg 585w, https:\/\/damakey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/IMG_8405.jpeg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Orca&nbsp;\u864e\u9be8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThe extinction crisis endangering the orcas that frequent Puget Sound in Washington State is well known, at least in the Pacific Northwest, where these orca coevolved thousands of years ago with the salmon they rely on\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thahlequah changed the conversation about these orcas. Her journey of grief, as she carried her dead calf for 17 days and more than 1,000 miles, told us about the state of not only her world but our own..\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u897f\u5317\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u7f8e\u570b\u83ef\u76db\u9813\u5dde\u666e\u5409\u7279\u6d77\u7063\u9644\u8fd1\u51fa\u6c92\u7684\u864e\u9be8\uff0c\u5f9e\u5f88\u53e4\u65e9\u4ee5\u524d\u5c31\u8ddf\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u7375\u98df\u7684\u9bad\u9b5a\u4e00\u8d77\u6f14\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u81f3\u4eca\u5df2\u9762\u81e8\u6e1b\u7d55\u7684\u5371\u6a5f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u559c\u6b61\u628a\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u864e\u9be8\u53d6\u540d\u5b57\u3002)\u6709\u4e00\u96bb\u53eb\u505aThahlequah\u7684\u6bcd\u864e\u9be8\uff0c\u5e36\u8457\u5979\u5df2\u7d93\u6b7b\u53bb\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u524d\u5f8c\u517117\u5929\uff0c\u6b77\u7d93\u8d85\u904e1000\u82f1\u6d6c\u54c0\u50b7\u7684\u65c5\u7a0b\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u864e\u9be8\u8ff7\u5011\u7684\u65b0\u8a71\u984c\u3002\u9019\u500b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5411\u6211\u5011\u8a34\u8aaa\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u6bcd\u864e\u9be8Thahlequah\u9762\u5c0d\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u63d0\u9192\u8457\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u9762\u5c0d\u8457\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThe baby could be seen when Tahlequah balanced the calf on her head but was harder to spot when she gripped it in her teeth by one pectoral fin, being ever so careful not to damage the tiny calf she had carried within her for seventeen months. A female, the baby lived for only about a half hour.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tahlequah\u5c0f\u5fc3\u628a\u5c0f\u9be8\u72a2\u9802\u5728\u982d\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u7576\u5979\u7528\u7259\u9f52\u548c\u524d\u9c2d\u5728\u6c34\u5e95\u6293\u8457\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5c31\u5f88\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u767c\u73fe\u3002\u5979\u5c0f\u5fc3\u7ffc\u7ffc\u5730\u4ee5\u514d\u50b7\u5bb3\u4e86\u5c0f\u9be8\u72a2\uff0c\u5982\u662f\u5e36\u5728\u8eab\u908a\uff0c\u51e117\u500b\u6708\u3002\u5c0f\u9be8\u72a2\u662f\u5973\u5b30\uff0c\u5728\u51fa\u751f\u624d\u534a\u500b\u5c0f\u6642\u5c31\u96e2\u958b\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cTahlequah had been doing this around the clock for days, with a 7-feet-long carcass weighing 400 pounds, relentless in her unceasing focus\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u90a3\u96bb2.1\u516c\u5c3a\u9577\u91cd\u9054181\u516c\u65a4\u7684\u5c0f\u9be8\u72a2\u907a\u9ad4\uff0c\u5c31\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u6bcd\u9be8&nbsp;Tahlequah\u6301\u7e8c\u4e0d\u7559\u9918\u529b\u7684\u7126\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cBy August 2018, there were only seventy-five orcas in this group left; as 2020 drew to close, there were just seventy-four southern residents left\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In so small a population of endangered orcas, every baby matters\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u57282018\u5e748\u6708\u4e4b\u6642\uff0cTahlequah&nbsp;\u6240\u5c6c\u7684\u5357\u65b9\u5b9a\u5c45\u6027\u864e\u9be8\u7fa4\u53ea\u526975\u982d\uff0c\u5230\u4e862020\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u6e1b1\u982d\u5230\u4e8674\u982d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7e3d\u6578\u91cf\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c11\u7684\u7015\u5371\u864e\u9be8\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u96bb\u5c0f\u9be8\u72a2\u90fd\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u4e4b\u6240\u7e6b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cAt the same time Tahlequah was carrying her dead calf, another orca was slowly\u2014and very publicly\u2014starving to dead\u2026But veterinarians struggled even to find out what was wrong with her. All of these orcas lack regularly available, quality chinook salmon; it is one of the primary threats to their survival\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cIt is easy to blame these orcas\u2019 extinction crisis on the dark time in our history when a generation of their young was taken from their families to do tricks for money in captive live-animal show around the world. But the capture era ended more than forty years ago\u2014at least in Washington State waters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What is harder to face is our everyday destruction and pollution of habitat that supports the orcas\u2014and the salmon they eat\u2014that is the major cause of the orcas\u2019 decline\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c31\u5728Tahlequah\u6bcd\u9be8\u5e36\u8457\u6b7b\u53bb\u7684\u3001\u8f09\u6d6e\u8f09\u6c88\u7684\u5c0f\u9be8\u72a2\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u6709\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u982d\u864e\u9be8\u5247\u9913\u5230\u5feb\u6b7b\u4e86(\u5f8c\u4f86\u6c88\u5165\u5927\u6d77\uff0c\u518d\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6d77\u88cf\u6c92\u6709\u53ca\u6642\u88dc\u5145\u3001\u8db3\u5920\u98df\u7528\u7684\u5e1d\u738b\u9bad\u9b5a\uff0c\u662f\u5c0d\u4ee5\u5176\u70ba\u4e3b\u98df\u7684\u864e\u9be8\u7684\u751f\u5b58\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5a01\u8105\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6488\u6355\u864e\u9be8\u4f5c\u70ba\u5a1b\u6a02\u7528\u9014\uff0c\u572840\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u65bc\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u897f\u5317\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u505c\u6b62\u9019\u7a2e\u505a\u6cd5\u4e86\u3002\u73fe\u5728\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u6bcf\u5929\u5c0d\u864e\u9be8\u53ca\u5e1d\u738b\u9bad\u9b5a\u68f2\u5730\u7684\u7834\u58de\u548c\u6c61\u67d3\uff0c\u624d\u6b63\u662f\u864e\u9be8\u6578\u91cf\u6e1b\u5c11\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u2026They are big animals: males are typically up to 26 feet long and weigh as much as 12,000 pounds; females are smaller at about 23 feet long and 6,000 pounds\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u864e\u9be8\u662f\u8eab\u8ec0\u9f90\u5927\u7684\u52d5\u7269\u3002\u96c4\u9be8\u4e00\u822c\u9577\u7d047.8\u516c\u5c3a\uff0c\u91cd\u7d045.4\u5678\uff1b\u6bcd\u9be8\u5c0f\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u9577\u7d046.9\u516c\u5c3a\uff0c\u91cd\u7d042.7\u5678\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cOrcas in each southern resident pod spend their time within their own family groups, which are led by multiple matrilines(female orcas and their descendants). Resident orca families in each of the southern and northern populations stay together for life\u2014the youth of both genders never disperse, making resident orca societies probably the most enduring among all mammals\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u864e\u9be8\u662f\u6bcd\u7cfb\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u6210\u54e1\u6703\u5728\u6bcd\u7cfb\u7684\u65cf\u9577\u6bcd\u9be8\u7684\u5e36\u9818\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u751f\u6d3b\u4e00\u8f29\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u2026Orcas are among only five species of mammals on Earth, including humans, in which the female has a long post menopausal life stage\u2026The older generations can increase survival of younger generations. Their landscape is a social one; they are taking the opportunity to increase the survival of their relatives.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u7684\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\uff0c\u6709\u4e94\u7a2e\u7684\u96cc\u6027\u5728\u66f4\u5e74\u671f\u4e4b\u5f8c\u9084\u6d3b\u5f97\u5f88\u4e45\u7684\uff0c\u864e\u9be8\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u4e00\u6a23\u90fd\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002(\u539f\u56e0\u53ef\u80fd\u662f)\u6d3b\u5f97\u4e45(\u53ef\u6d3b\u8d85\u904e80\u6b72)\u7d93\u9a57\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u96cc\u9be8\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u589e\u52a0\u7167\u9867\u5e74\u8f15\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u65cf\u5167\u89aa\u5c6c\u7684\u5b58\u6d3b\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cBehavior ecologist Michael Weiss\u2026did his field research that revealed the so-called grandmother effect at the Center for Whale Research on the west side of San Juan Island\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u884c\u70ba\u751f\u614b\u5b78\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u7956\u6bcd\u6548\u61c9\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cScientists are continuing to investigate the threats to orca survival, from inbreeding and disease to lack of prey. Pollution also poisons their bodies\u2014especially baby orcas, which get the biggest does in their mother\u2019s milk. Vessel noise and disturbance even by small nonmortorized boats, such as kayaks, interrupt orca foraging and mask sounds they need to hear in order to hunt. These threats are interrelated. When the orcas go hungry, they burn their fat, where toxic pollutants accumulate, thus adding to the toxics circulating in their blood. Noise is a problem because it compounds the problem of the scarcity of chinook: noise and disturbance make scare fish even harder to find.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u6301\u7e8c\u7814\u7a76\u5a01\u8105\u864e\u9be8\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u56e0\u7d20\uff1a\u8fd1\u89aa\u7e41\u6b96\u3001\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u7375\u7269\u7f3a\u4e4f\u3001\u6c61\u67d3\u3001\u566a\u97f3\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c61\u67d3\u6240\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u6bd2\u7d20\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u6bcd\u4e73\uff0c\u5c0d\u5e7c\u9be8\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u6700\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u800c\u56e0\u70ba\u7375\u7269\u4e3b\u98df\u7684\u7f3a\u4e4f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5e1d\u738b\u9bad\u9b5a\uff0c\u864e\u9be8\u88ab\u8feb\u4e0d\u6642\u71c3\u71d2\u8102\u80aa\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u8102\u80aa\u4e2d\u7d2f\u7a4d\u7684\u6bd2\u7d20\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u9032\u5165\u8840\u6db2\u800c\u5f71\u97ff\u4e86\u5065\u5eb7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u566a\u97f3\u6703\u5e72\u64fe\u864e\u9be8\u7684\u7375\u98df\uff0c\u5728\u6d77\u4e2d\u5e1d\u738b\u9bad\u9b5a\u5df2\u7d93\u5f88\u5c11\u4e86\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u566a\u97f3\u7684\u5e72\u64fe\uff0c\u8981\u9806\u5229\u627e\u5230\u7375\u7269\u5c31\u771f\u7684\u662f\u5927\u6d77\u6488\u91dd\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u2026an orca uses phonic lips on either side of its blowhole as deftly as a horn player, shaping air flow with those lips to make sounds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Orcas also can search for fish, or good fish habitat, using echolocation clicks: bursts of sound focused through fat in a reservoir call the melon, located at the front of the head\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Another fat-filled reservoir in the orcas\u2019 lower jaw receives the echo and conducts it to middle ear, inner ear, and then hearing centers in brain via the orca\u2019s auditory nerve. In this way, an orca uses echolocation to actually see inside its prey, to the swim bladder if a fish\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u864e\u9be8\u900f\u904e\u8eab\u4e0a\u7684\u5efb\u97f3\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u63a2\u77e5\u7375\u7269\u7684\u7a2e\u985e\u548c\u6240\u5728\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cChanging ocean conditions, and marine heat waves in particular, are bad news for endangered orcas the rely on salmon for food. The cold upwelling of nutrient-rich waters sustains salmon while they are at sea, enabling them to grow and fatten. But warm water conditions mean poorer nutrition for salmon.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bcc\u6709\u71df\u990a\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u4e0a\u6e67\u51b7\u6c34\uff0c\u80a5\u80b2\u4e86\u9bad\u9b5a\u3002\u7576\u5168\u7403\u6696\u5316\uff0c\u6d77\u6c34\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u4e0a\u6607\uff0c\u5c0d\u9bad\u9b5a\u662f\u4e0d\u5229\u7684\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u4e5f\u5c31\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u5230\u4ee5\u5b83\u5011\u70ba\u4e3b\u98df\u7684\u7015\u5371\u864e\u9be8\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u2026Across the Pacific Northwest, 40 percent of chinook runs already are locally extinct, and a large proportion of the rest that remain are threatened or endangered\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u897f\u5317\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u670940%\u7684\u5e1d\u738b\u9bad\u9b5a\u5df2\u7d93\u5f9e\u5730\u65b9\u4e0a\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u50c5\u5b58\u7684\u5247\u5927\u591a\u6399\u624e\u5728\u5371\u96aa\u3001\u7015\u81e8\u6ec5\u7d55\u7684\u908a\u7de3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cOf 396 populations of chinook that used to be available to southern residents all over Northwest and California, 159 today are gone. That leaves gaps in the calendar year in which the southern residents orcas\u2019 preferred prey no longer available\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u897f\u5317\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u53ca\u52a0\u5dde\uff0c396\u500b\u5e1d\u738b\u9bad\u9b5a\u7684\u7fa4\u9ad4\u5df2\u7d93\u6709159\u500b\u5df2\u7d93\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u4e00\u5e74\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5357\u65b9\u5b9a\u5c45\u6027\u7684\u864e\u9be8\uff0c\u6642\u4e0d\u6642\u6703\u6c92\u6709\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u3001\u559c\u6b61\u98df\u7528\u7684\u7375\u7269\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u5fcd\u53d7\u9951\u9913\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u2026the northern population are still classified as a threatened population\u2026It\u2019s still a small population, and it increases slowly\u2026the best population estimate for 2019 was 310 northern resident orcas, the highest since year 1973.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u96d6\u7136\u4f9d\u820a\u662f\u7015\u5371\u7684\u7269\u7a2e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5317\u65b9\u5b9a\u5c45\u6027\u7684\u864e\u9be8\u7684\u6578\u91cf\uff0c\u5f9e1973\u5e74\u7684100\u591a\u982d\uff0c\u5230\u4e862019\u5e74\u9010\u6b65\u6062\u5fa9\u81f3310\u982d\u7684\u65b0\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThe reserve was created especially for these orcas and includes, in addition to the rubbing beaches, more than 3,000 acres of marine waters and 1,247 acres of upland forest, including rocky shoreline, headlands, and one significant bay, the Robson Bight\u2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u70ba\u5317\u65b9\u5b9a\u5c45\u6027\u864e\u9be8\u800c\u8a2d\u7acb\u7684\u751f\u614b\u4fdd\u8b77\u5340Robson Bight Ecological Reserve(\u4f4d\u65bc\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u6eab\u54e5\u83ef\u5cf6\u5317\u5074)\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u864e\u9be8\u7528\u4f86\u6309\u6469\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u5713\u77f3\u6d77\u7058\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u5305\u62ec\u9644\u8fd13000\u82f1\u755d(1214\u516c\u9803)\u7684\u6d77\u57df\uff0c1,247\u516c\u755d\u7684\u68ee\u6797\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u5ca9\u5cb8\u3001\u5cac\u89d2\u53caRobson Bight\u6d77\u7063\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What works there is needed here too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5317\u65b9\u5b9a\u5c45\u6027\u864e\u9be8\u4fdd\u8b77\u5340\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u521d\u6b65\u4fdd\u80b2\u6210\u679c\u7684\u4f5c\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c0d\u5728\u6eab\u54e5\u83ef\u5cf6\u5357\u65b9\u5b9a\u5c45\u6027\u7684\u864e\u9be8\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u9700\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThe southern residents also contend with more polluted water\u2014toxic that seep into food chain and then into orca mother\u2019s milk. A September 2018 paper found that PCB effects on reproduction and immune function threatened the long-term viability of more than 50 percent of the world\u2019s orca populations, especially those near urban area.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5357\u65b9\u5b9a\u5c45\u6027\u7684\u864e\u9be8\uff0c\u627f\u53d7\u66f4\u591a\u6c61\u6c34\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u6709\u6bd2\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u7d93\u904e\u98df\u7269\u93c8\u800c\u9032\u5165\u4e86\u6bcd\u9be8\u54fa\u4e73\u7684\u5976\u6c34\u88cf\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6839\u64da2018\u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u591a\u6c2f\u806f\u82ef(PCB)\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u5230\u751f\u6b96\u548c\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u5a01\u8105\u5230\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u4e00\u534a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u864e\u9be8\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7684\u751f\u5b58\uff0c\u6f5b\u5728\u53d7\u5bb3\u6700\u5927\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u5b9a\u5c45\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u864e\u9be8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThe Elwha Dam removal and river restoration project is a $325 million grand experiment\u2026Tearing down the dams reopen 70 miles of spawning habitat to all five species of Pacific salmon\u2026.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u62c6\u9664Elwha\u5927\u58e9\uff0c\u662f3\u51042\u5343\u4e94\u767e\u842c\u7f8e\u5143(\u5927\u7d0491\u5104\u65b0\u53f0\u5e63)\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u6027\u5c08\u6848\uff0c\u5c07\u53ef\u5f80\u4e0a\u6e38\u6253\u901a70\u82f1\u6d6c(112\u516c\u91cc)\u9577\u7684\u6c34\u9053\uff0c\u4f9b\u4e94\u7a2e\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u9bad\u9b5a\u6eaf\u6eaa\u53bb\u7e41\u6b96\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThe population of chinook prior to dam removal average 2,900 returning adults each year. Since dam removal was completed on the lower dam in 2912, the number of returning adults has ranged from estimated low of 2,628 in 2016 to an estimated 7,600 in 2019. Coho smolts have boomed, and steelhead are making a comeback\u2014even wild summer steelhead have been above the site of former agile Canyon Dam.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e1d\u738b\u9bad\u9b5a\u7684\u5efb\u6e38\u91cf\uff0c\u5f9e\u5927\u58e9\u62c6\u9664\u524d\u7684\u6bcf\u5e742,900\u5c3e\uff0c\u5230\u4e862019\u5e74\u5df2\u7d93\u6210\u9577\u5230\u4e867,600\u5c3e\u4e86\u3002\u9280\u9bad\u9b5a\u6578\u91cf\u5927\u7206\u767c\uff0c\u786c\u982d\u9c52\u9b5a\u4e5f\u56de\u4f86\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u2026The home of the southern resident orcas and salmon is our home too. And when they thrive, so will,we. Perhaps, then, there is a very simple test to determine\u2014if we do the work of restoring and protecting the waters and lands needed by orcas and salmon\u2014whether we are getting somewhere\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5357\u65b9\u5b9a\u5c45\u6027\u864e\u9be8\u548c\u9bad\u9b5a\u7684\u5bb6\u4e5f\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5bb6\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u6703\u597d\u3002\u6700\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u6062\u5fa9\u4e26\u4fdd\u8b77\u864e\u9be8\u548c\u9bad\u9b5a\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6d77\u57df\u548c\u9678\u5730\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u7372\u5f97\u600e\u9ebc\u4ec0\u6a23\u7684\u9032\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">*\uff1aLynda V. Mapes, \u201cORCA, shared waters, shared home,\u201d Braided River, a Co-publication with The Seattle Times<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2023\/8\/16 ORCA, shared waters, shared home Damakey<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Orca&nbsp;\u864e\u9be8\u3002 \u201cThe extinction &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36580","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-3"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36580","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=36580"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36580\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36586,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36580\/revisions\/36586"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=36580"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=36580"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=36580"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}