{"id":36487,"date":"2023-07-30T08:25:40","date_gmt":"2023-07-30T00:25:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/?p=36487"},"modified":"2023-08-05T10:52:23","modified_gmt":"2023-08-05T02:52:23","slug":"the-ear-book-a-complete-guide-to-ear-disorder-and-health","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/?p=36487","title":{"rendered":"The Ear Book, a complete guide to ear disorder and health"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u2026Ear wax, also called cerumen, is an important protective substance produced by glands in the skin of the ear canal along with skin cells that are shed daily, just like skin cells everywhere in the body. Cerumen exists the ear canal on its own during showering, swimming, and normal everyday activities and carries with it other matter that may have entered the canal. Cerumen\u2019s main functions are to protect the delicate skin of the ear canal from damage by moisture and to fight outer ear infections such as swimmer\u2019s ear.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8033\u5c4e\uff0c\u4e5f\u7a31\u70ba\u8033\u57a2\uff0c\u662f\u8033\u9053\u76ae\u5c64\u4e0a\u7684\u817a\u9ad4\u5206\u6ccc\u4f86\u4fdd\u8b77\u8033\u9053\u7684\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u8033\u9053\u4e0a\u65b0\u9673\u4ee3\u8b1d\u5f8c\u6389\u843d\u7684\u76ae\u5c64\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7d30\u80de\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8033\u57a2\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u4fdd\u6301\u8033\u9053\u4e7e\u723d\uff0c\u4e26\u4fdd\u8b77\u8033\u9053\u76ae\u5c64\u4e0d\u88ab\u611f\u67d3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe ear canal is about 1 inch long(24mm). The outer one-third of the canal is made up of cartilage, whereas the inner two-thirds is made of bone. The ear canal is lined with skin, much like the skin that covers the rest of the body, but there are some important differences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The external ear has a unique self-cleaning mechanism. Like all skin of the body, outer layers of skin cells are lost every day. In the ear, these cells migrate outwards(from eardrum to ear canal opening) carrying debris with them. They become part of cerumen(ear wax) and extrude on their way from the ear opening. The wax is key to protecting the ear canal skins.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cerumen glands are similar to both mammary glands and sweat glands. The cerumen itself had several functions. It helps prevent outer ear infection because it:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Protect the skin from water\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Is slightly acidic, making bacteria growth difficult, and<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Contains antimicrobial protein that attack bacteria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Together these factors contribute to an antibacterial and antifungal effect cerumen.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5916\u8033\u6709\u81ea\u52d5\u6e05\u6f54\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8033\u9053\u8868\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u5c64\u76ae\u5c64\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u6bcf\u5929\u65b0\u9673\u4ee3\u8b1d\u6b7b\u4ea1\u525d\u843d\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u76ae\u5c64\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u5f80\u8033\u6735\u5916\u9762\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u632a\u52d5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8033\u57a2\u5206\u6ccc\u817a\u548c\u4e73\u817a\u53ca\u6c57\u817a\u985e\u4f3c\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5206\u6ccc\u7269\u548c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u525d\u843d\u7684\u8033\u5167\u76ae\u5c64\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u69cb\u6210\u4e86\u8033\u57a2\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u7a2e\u6a5f\u5236\u4fdd\u8b77\u5916\u8033\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u8033\u57a2\u9632\u6c34\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u8033\u57a2\u4ff1\u5fae\u9178\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u6291\u5236\u7d30\u83cc\u7684\u7e41\u6b96\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u8033\u57a2\u5167\u542b\u6709\u6297\u83cc\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8033\u57a2\u6709\u62b5\u6297\u7d30\u83cc\u548c\u771f\u83cc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(\u8033\u57a2\u6703\u81ea\u7136\u5f80\u5916\u79fb\u52d5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u8033\u9053\u963b\u585e\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u53bb\u6316\u5b83\u3002\u6316\u8033\u57a2\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u628a\u8033\u57a2\u5f80\u5167\u5806\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u5c0f\u5fc3\u5982\u679c\u522e\u50b7\u8033\u9053\uff0c\u5247\u5bb9\u6613\u5c0e\u81f4\u611f\u67d3\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5c0f\u87f2\u5b50\u8dd1\u9032\u53bb\u6216\u611f\u89ba\u585e\u5f80\u4e86\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u627e\u8033\u9f3b\u5589\u79d1\u53bb\u8655\u7406\u3002)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Age-related hearing loss.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5e74\u8001\u7684\u91cd\u807d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cSensorineural hearing loss that occurs in older adults is called presbycusis\u2026The degree and age of onset of presbycusis tend to be hereditary, and men are disproportionately affected. Age-related hearing loss has a great impact on the quality of life of tens of millions of older people and is closely associated with all forms of dementia.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5e74\u8001\u6642\u91cd\u807d\u7a0b\u5ea6\u548c\u907a\u50b3\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u5728\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e0a\uff0c\u767c\u751f\u5728\u7537\u6027\u8eab\u4e0a\u6bd4\u5973\u6027\u591a\u3002\u91cd\u807d\u548c\u5931\u667a\u75c7\u76f8\u95dc(\u4f46\u975e\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cAging changes the cochlea microscopically in four known ways: loss of hair cells and their supporting cells; loss of auditory nerve cells(that carry signals to the brain); degeneration of the stria vascularis(part of the cochlea that maintains chemical and bioelectric balance); and thickening of the basilar membrane(which normally vibrates freely). One of the rare causes of presbycusis is mutation of a mitochondrial gene\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5e74\u8001\u7684\u91cd\u807d\u3002\u662f\u8033\u8778\u7684\u8001\u5316\u5c0e\u81f4\uff0c\u6709\u56db\u7a2e\u539f\u56e0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u6bdb\u7d30\u80de\u6216\u76f8\u95dc\u7d30\u80de\u529f\u80fd\u55aa\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u807d\u89ba\u795e\u7d93\u7d30\u80de\u529f\u80fd\u55aa\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u8033\u8778\u8840\u7ba1\u7d0b\u9000\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. \u57fa\u5e95\u819c\u8b8a\u539a\u7121\u6cd5\u9748\u6d3b\u9707\u52d5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u81f3\u65bc\u56e0\u70ba\u7c92\u7dda\u9ad4\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u7a81\u8b8a\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u5e74\u8001\u7684\u91cd\u807d\u5247\u5f88\u7f55\u898b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cAt the time of writing, there is no cure for presbycusis or any type of nerve deafness.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u622a\u81f3\u76ee\u524d\u70ba\u6b62\uff0c\u8001\u5316\u5c0e\u81f4\u7684\u91cd\u807d(\u548c\u795e\u7d93\u6027\u7684\u8033\u807e\u4e00\u6a23)\uff0c\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Noise-Induced Hearing Loss<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u566a\u97f3\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u807d\u529b\u55aa\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cExposure to loud noise is the second leading cause of hearing loss. Noise-Induced Hearing Loss(NIHL) can occur at any age\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The louder the noise and the longer the exposure, the more damage it causes to the hair cells of inner ear\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Current music player\u2026Earbuds are closer to the eardrum than head phones and can cause more damage. As a general rule, music played through earbuds or headphones should not be audible to anyone else(keep the volume down) and should not played for more than two hours at a time(keep the duration down as well). Another general rule: if your ears ring after exposure, you have already caused some damage.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u66dd\u9732\u5728\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u566a\u97f3\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3001\u66dd\u9732\u5728\u566a\u97f3\u7684\u6642\u9593\u6108\u4e45\uff0c\u5c0d\u8033\u6735\u6bdb\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u50b7\u5bb3\u6108\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7528\u8033\u6a5f\u807d\u97f3\u6a02\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u8072\u97f3\u8981\u6108\u5c0f\u6108\u597d\uff0c\u6301\u7e8c\u7684\u6642\u9593\u8981\u6108\u77ed\u6108\u597d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u7528\u8033\u6a5f\u807d\u97f3\u6a02\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u65c1\u908a\u7684\u4eba\u4e5f\u807d\u5f97\u5230\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u660e\u986f\u592a\u5927\u8072\u4e86\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u5982\u679c\u5728\u807d\u5b8c\uff0c\u8033\u6736\u6703\u55e1\u55e1\u4f5c\u97ff\uff0c\u90a3\u4ee3\u8868\u5df2\u7d93\u5c0d\u8033\u6735\u9020\u6210\u50b7\u5bb3\u4e86\uff0c\u8033\u6a5f\u97f3\u91cf\u592a\u5927\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tinnitus, ringing in the ears.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8033\u9cf4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cTinnitus is the sense of hearing something when there is no related external sound. Nonetheless, tinnitus is real; there are well-known causes for tinnitus and it can be measured. Tinnitus is not a disease but a symptom of physiology.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8033\u9cf4\u672c\u8eab\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u8eab\u9ad4\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e0d\u6b63\u5e38\u6240\u986f\u793a\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u2026It seems that the actual loudness of their tinnitus does not determine whether people feel that it is ruining their lives. The amount of distress caused by tinnitus is instead related to anxiety and depression. In other words, anxiety and depression do not cause tinnitus but make it seem worse. A tinnitus cycle can develop where anxiety, depression, and loss of sleep make tinnitus more debilitating and the worsening tinnitus makes the anxiety and depression more severe.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8033\u9cf4\u97f3\u91cf\u7684\u7d55\u5c0d\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5c0d\u500b\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u8033\u9cf4\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u7126\u616e\u548c\u6182\u9b31\uff0c\u624d\u662f\u60a3\u8005\u6240\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u8033\u9cf4\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7136\u9020\u6210\u7126\u616e\u548c\u6182\u9b31\uff0c\u4f46\u5bb9\u6613\u6709\u7126\u616e\u548c\u6182\u9b31\u50be\u5411\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6703\u66f4\u611f\u5230\u8033\u9cf4\u7684\u56b4\u91cd\u6027\u3002\u8033\u9cf4\u3001\u7126\u616e\u548c\u6182\u9b31\u3001\u5931\u7720\u7b49\u4e09\u8005\uff0c\u6703\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u60e1\u6027\u5faa\u74b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe realistic goal of treatment of tinnitus of chronic subjective tinnitus is management rather than cure. That is, the hope is to reduce the severity and allow the patient to understand and feel control of his or her tinnitus rather than to feel oppressed and controlled by it\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9762\u5c0d\u8033\u9cf4\uff0c\u6700\u5408\u7406\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u4e0d\u662f\u6839\u9664\u5b83\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u53bb\u7ba1\u7406\u5b83\uff1b\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u5b83\uff0c\u8ddf\u5b83\u548c\u5e73\u76f8\u8655\u3002\u907f\u514d\u56e0\u70ba\u8033\u9cf4\u800c\u5f15\u767c\u5fc3\ud855\ude83\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7126\u616e\u548c\u6182\u9b31\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cCaffeine, Alcohol, and smoking make tinnitus worse\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8033\u9cf4\u7684\u4eba\u8981\u907f\u514d\u559d\u6709\u5496\u5561\u56e0(\u5496\u5561\u3001\u8336\u3001\u53ef\u6a02\u7b49\u7b49)\u7684\u98f2\u6599\u3001\u4e0d\u8981\u559d\u9152\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u62bd\u7159\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cSleep is important for your overall health. If you have a thick neck, snore loudly, or weigh more than you should, you may need to shed some pounds\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6709\u597d\u7684\u7761\u7720\u54c1\u8cea\u548c\u7dad\u6301\u9069\u7576\u7684\u9ad4\u91cd\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sound Therapy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8033\u9cf4\u7684\u8072\u97f3\u7642\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cSound therapy uses external sources of sound to reduce the severity of tinnitus\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Following are some methods of sound therapy used to promote sleep.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Everyday background sounds such as music, fans, air conditioners, humidifiers, air filters(or political speeches).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Generic sound generator can play recordings of birdsong, trains, a babbling brook, or the ocean through headphones or pillow speakers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Customized sound generation(also called wearable maskers) look like hearing aids\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(\u4e0d\u5beb\u4e86\uff0c\u81ea\u884c\u53c3\u95b1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

*\uff1aThomas J. Balkan & Kevin D. Brown, The Ear Book, a complete guide to ear disorder and health, 2017, John Hopkins University Press<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2023\/7\/30 The Ear Book, a complete guide to ear disorder and health Damakey<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u201c\u2026Ear wax, also called cerumen…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36487","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-3"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36487","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=36487"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36487\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36489,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36487\/revisions\/36489"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=36487"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=36487"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damakey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=36487"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}